Browsing by Author "Idris Y."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Biochemical evaluation of mutant genotypes of Sesamum indicum for the development of improved varieties
(Botanica Lithuanica, 2022-12-21) Audu M.A.I; Idris Y.; Muhammad L.M.; Falusi O.A.; Salihu I.A.; Okoye C.I.
The nutritional attributes of sesame, Sesamum indicum, vary substantially and are primarily influenced by the plant’s genetic makeup. This investigation accessed the biochemical composition of sesame mutants from two generations. Seeds of eleven M3 lines were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to raise M4 lines, which were advanced to M5 generation. The seeds were harvested at maturity, and their biochemical compositions were quantitatively determined following standard procedures. Results revealed significant diffe rences (p < 0.05) in the biochemical composition of the mutants across the two generations. Exactly 27.27% of the mutants showed a substantial increase in oil composition over their parental varieties at the M4 generation. In comparison, 36.36% of the mutants had higher oil contents than their parental varieties at the M5 generation. The M5 mutants showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher oil content than the M4 mutants. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the protein content of M4 and M5 mutants, with M4 mutants having higher protein content. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in fibre, carbohydrate, energy, and moisture contents of M4 and M5 mutants, with M5 mutants having significantly higher (p < 0.05) carbohydrate and energy con tents, while no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in ash content of M4 and M5 mutants. Results also reveal significant differences (p < 0.05) in anti-nutrients of M4 and M5 mutants with notable reductions in some anti-nutritional properties of some mutant lines. High and stable nutritional attributes are desirable traits in sesame breeding. The identified mutants with desirable traits are potential candidates that could be selected and developed as the first mutant varieties of sesame in Nigeria
EVALUATION OF GAMMA IRRADIATED MUTANTS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) FOR YIELD AND YIELD PARAMETERS
(Genetic Society of Nigeria, 2023-03-26) Ahmed K.; Muhammad M.L.; Daudu O.A.Y.; Abubakar I.; Audu M.A.I; Idris Y.
Mutation breeding is applied in many crop improvement programs as it can rapidly create the variability of inherited traits in crops. This study was designed to evaluate the yield potential of some mutant (M4) lines of sesame. Eleven M4 mutant lines alongside three checks were raised to maturity in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in Minna and trial fields of National Cereals research institute, Badeggi. The results revealed M5 mutant lines showed significant changes in some of the parameters measured. Site1 (Minna) showed improved yield traits than Site2 Badeggi). ML11A11 exhibited the lowest days to 50% flower (47.00; 41.33). ML1A9 site1 showed the highest 1000 seed weight (3.02g), ML3A7 in site1 (2.41 g). The capsule per leaf axil in C1A12 Site2 obtained the highest (2.67). ML4A6 Site1 showed highest number of capsule (123.67). The highest yield per hectare was recorded mutant ML8A2 Site1 (779.63 kg/hectare); ML6A4 Site1 (681.86 kg/hectare); (672.59 kg/hectare). The results especially for yield, revealed the possibility of new varieties of sesame from the mutant lines, thus presenting gamma irradiation as a very effective mutagen for improvement of the crop.
EVALUATION OF GAMMA-RAY INDUCED MUTANT LINES OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) FOR PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SEED-OIL
(Genetic Society of Nigeria, 2023-03-26) Idris Y.; Muhammad M.L.; Madaki F.M.; Abubakar I.; Daudu O.A.Y.; Audu M.A.I; Ahmed K.
The physicochemical properties of sesame oil determine its application and also form the criteria for genetic improvement of the crop. Most of the released sesame varieties in Nigeria do not consider oil properties of the seed and where it is only oil quantity is used. This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of gamma-ray induced mutant M5 lines of sesame seed oil. The physicochemical parameters determined include the refractive index, free fatty acid, ester, glycerine, viscosity, iodine, peroxide, saponification, unsaponification and acid values. The results revealed M5 mutant lines displayed significant disparity in some of the parameters measured. The highest values in viscosity (10.00, 10.00), Saponification (219.49), Acid (3.14), ester (217.55) were from NCRIBEN-03L, 03L-250-G1-1; 01M-350-G1-2, 01M-350-G2-2-2 and 01M-350-G1-2 (217.55) respectively, while the least values for the respective parameters were from 03L-450-G2-2 (4.00); 04E-550-G1-3 (172.43); 04E-550G2-3 (0.4) and 04E-550-G1-3 (171.92). The study deduced that gamma-ray irradiation could be used as a tool for the improvement of seed oils. Oils from mutants (NCRIBEN-03L, 03L-250-G1-1; 01M-350G1-2, 01M-350-G2-2-2 and 01M-350-G1-2) have the potential to be used for cosmetic industry and Mutants (03L-450-G2-2; 04E-550-G2-3) for domestic and confectionery applications.