Browsing by Author "Ismail, A."

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Assessment of some physicochemical parameters of Moussa stream, Bida, Niger State Nigeria
(Journal of Public Health and environmental Pollution, 2020-09) Mohammed, Y. M.; Arimoro, F. O.; Ayanwale, A. V.; Adamu, K. M.; Ismail, A.; Umar M.; Kanki, H.
The physicochemical characteristics of Moussa stream were studied monthly from January to August 2017 using standard methods and procedure. The results from the stream showed that water Temperature (24.9-27.5 C), Depth (14.7-45.8cm), Flow velocity (0.14-0.23 m/s), pH (6.33-8.6), Dissolved oxygen (3.10- 10.00 mg/L), Biochemical oxygen demand (2.0-7.0 mg/L), Turbidity (61-285NTU), Conductivity (20-63 µ/cm), Alkalinity (8-30 mg/L), Nitrate (0.87-3.85 mg/L), Phosphate (0.31-1.01mg/L) and Sodium (0.9- 13.5mg/L). All the physicochemical parameters were within the maximum permissible limit except Dissolved Oxygen (3.1-10 mg/L). All the parameters showed no significant difference (p>0.05) among all the sampling stations except depth and flow velocity which differed significantly (p<0.05) among all the sampling stations. Similarly temperature, depth and flow velocity showed no significant difference among sampling season. pH, DO, BOD, turbidity conductivity alkalinity, Nitrate Phosphate and Sodium differed significantly among sampling seasons. The deteriorating water quality were implications of pollution stress caused by different anthropogenic activities.
Cercaricidal Efficacy of Plant Extract: Evidence from the Methanolic Leaves and Bark Extracts of Anacardium ocidentale (Linnaeus)
(Dutse Journal of pure and applied Sciences (DUJOPAS), 2023) Adeniyi, K. A.; Ibeh, E. O.; Oyibo-Usman,K. A.; Shariff, M. A.; Ismail, A.; Omalu, I. C. J.; Sadiq, A. A.; Salami, K. D.
Schistosomiasis continues to be a public health problem causing in unsatisfactorily high level of morbidity. Praziquantel is a recent medicine for treatment but unable to kill emerging schistosomes. It does not prevent re-infection and its constant application may lead to the advent of drug-resistant parasites. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the methanol crude extract of A. occidentale revealed the presence of Tannins, Flavonoids and Saponins. Cercaricidal activity on Gymnocephalous cercaria, after 120 minutes of contact in a concentration of 0.10 mg/mL, showed that there was 92 and 34% death when exposed to the methanol leave and bark extracts of A. occidentale leaves, and A. occidentale bark respectively. There was 99% and 98.5% mortality between the methanol bark extract of A. occidentale and the leaf of A. occidentale plant respectively in a concentration of 0.60mg/mL. Lethal concentration on Gymnocephalous cercariae showed that A. occidentale methanolic bark extract had the highest LC50 and LC84 of 0.151 and 0.204 mg/mL respectively while A. occidentale methanol leaf extract had the lowest LC50 and LC84 of 0.123 and 0.162 respectively. A. occidentale methanol bark extract had the lowest LC50 of 0.237 and A. occidentale methanol leaf extract had the lowest LC 84 of 0.316 mg/ml. The correlation coefficient of the plant parts showed a strong positive correlation between the log concentrations and probit mortality. The extracts had an effect on the cercariae tested. A. occidentale leaves extract showed highest cercaricidal activity. Gymnocephalous cercariae was more susceptible to the plant parts than the Brevifurcate cercaria
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF MOSQUITOES IN RELATION TO MALARIA PREVALENCE IN CHANCHAGA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
(International Journal of Applied Biological Research, 16 (1), (Impress), 2025) Abdullahi, M.; Ismail, A.; Abolarinwa, S. O.; Ocha, I. M.; Amos, A.V.; Omalu, I. C. J.
In spite of intensive control measures and intervention in Nigeria, malaria remains a major public health threat. The dearth of information on the diversity and distribution of Anopheline mosquito species, a prerequisite to successful malaria control, informed this study. Indoor adult mosquito populations were sampled using Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSC). Two hundred and seventy-six (276) human individuals were examined for malaria parasites using Giemsa staining techniques. All individuals were screened for the presence of malaria parasite and classified into four (4) age groups: < 5 years, 6 – 10 years, 11 – 15 years and >16 years. A total of one thousand five hundred and sixteen (1516) mosquitoes were collected and identified as follows; Anopheles species 371 (24.47%) and Culex species 1145 (75.53%). Mosquitoes collected per location was as follows F-layout 399 (26.31%), Tunga 406 (26.28%), Chanchaga 361 (23.81%) and Sauka-Kahuta 350 (23.08%). The distribution of mosquitoes per location showed a significant difference at p<0.05. Six species of Anopheles mosquitoes were identified. These are Anopheles gambiae, 235 (63.34%), Anopheles funestus, 111 (29.92%), Anopheles coustani,10 (2.69%), Anopheles nili, 6 (1.62%), Anopheles squamosus, 6 (1.62%) and Anopheles moucheti,3 (0.81%). Tunga had the highest number of Anopheles mosquitoes of 116 (31.27%), followed by F-layout 93 (25.07%) while Sauka-Kahuta had the least number of Anopheles mosquitoes collected 74 (19.95%). Out of the 276 human blood specimens examined, 178 (64.49%) were positive for Plasmodium falciparum. Individuals of age group 6 – 10 years had highest infection rate of 40 (78.43%), followed by 16 years 87 (63.50%) while age group 0 – 5 years, had the least infection rate of 6 (56%). Males were more infected 91 (67.91%) with malaria than females 87 (61.27%) which also showed a significant difference at p<0.05. This study demonstrated the complex distribution of Anopheles mosquito and the considerable variations in the intensity of malaria transmission in Chanchaga Local Government and its environs, hence the need to intensify control strategies to eliminate larva sources of the vectors.
Investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of solid waste from dumpsites in Bosso Local Government Area, Minna, Niger State Nigeria.
(Book of Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of the School of Life Science, Federal University of Technology, Minna, 2024-08) Ismail, A.; Ogbe M. E.; Omalu, I. C. J.; Abolarinwa, S.O.; Abdullahi, M.; Faisal, A.
The study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in dump site in Minna metropolis. This was achieved via series of coordinated research across five (5) different dump sites designated as A, B, c, D and E. The five dump sites were spread within three locations (Mypa, Boss Market and Bosso New York) of Minna metropolis. Soil and household waste were collected at different interval following stand procedures and processed using zinc floatation method. The result from the 25 soil samples showed that almost all the dump sites had at least one gastrointestinal parasites. The seven (7) species of gastrointestinal parasites isolated includes: Ascaris lumbricoides 23 (22.77%), Taenia spp 11(10.(p89%), Entamoeba histolytica 25 (24.75%), Entamoeba coli, 14 (13.86%), Giardia lamblia 11(10.89%), hook work, 8(7.92%) and Strongyloides stercoralis, 9 (8.91%). The highest number of parasites were isolated from dump site D, 24 (23.76%) while the least parasites abundance was recorded in dump site C, 14 (13.86%). Overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites (Market and household waste) revealed that 101 (59.76%) and 68(40.24%) of the total isolated parasites were found in markets and household waste respectively. The parasites that were most prevalent in the dump site was A. lumbricoides 38 (22.49%) while Strongyloides stercoralis 16 (9.47%) was the least abundant. Statistically, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the abundance of parasites in relation tho market and household dumsite investigated. This study revealed a significant abundance gastrointestinal parasites in the dump sites.