Surveying & Geoinformatics
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Surveying & Geoinformatics
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Item Assessment of the Hydrological Characteristics of Shiroro Dam, Nigeria(School of Environment Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2023-02-08) Adesina, E.A, Musa, A. Onuigbo, I.C., and Adesiji, A.R.Flooding in recent times has been linked to various hydrological characteristics that are associated with dams and their surrounding features, some of which are outflow, inflow, rainfall, temperature, and water elevation, among others. Although its causes have been traced to natural and human-induced factors, it is also important to investigate the various hydrological characteristics of dams to understand and manage flooding. The relationship between these features has a great effect on the amount of outflow, which in turn relates to the flooding of communities downstream. This study seeks to assess and analyse the impact of inflow, rainfall, temperature, and water level on the outflow of water from the dam. This impact was evaluated using statistical techniques such as time series, correlation, and regression analysis. The result shows that outflow in dams has a positive correlation of 0.280738, 0.873933, 0.148858, and 0.55576 with rainfall, inflow, temperature, and water elevation, respectively. Water inflow and elevation thus have a greater influence on water outflow, R2 values show that inflow can predict 76.4% of the volume of outflow while temperature has the lowest value of 0.22%. More study of the factors that influence inflows has been recommended, as has the forecast of future outflows and output.Item Application of Location-Based Service for Flood Vulnerability Assessment of Part of Minna, Niger State, Nigeria(School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State., 2020-05-05) Adesina, E. A., Adewuyi, A. I., & Berthran, C. BFlood disaster has been a global emergency issue, the cause my be traced to both natural and man-influence factors, the alarming increase in global warming has an underlying effect on glacial melting, sea level rise etc., these, coupled with the effect of human activities such construction along floodplain, deposit of waste in rivers etc., have pose a threat not only lives but putting properties into danger. To alleviate the effects of this flooding, emergency agencies and individuals must be informed about the status of this emergency. Flood vulnerability status is thus a reliable solution to such a problem. How will individuals get the current vulnerability status of their current locations? The research revolves around creating an android application capable of indicating the vulnerability to flooding points within the study area. Data sources include the administrative map, Digital Elevation Model, and Landsat Imagery with bands 6, 7, and 8. ArcGIS software was used to produce the study area's flood vulnerability information and database. Different elevation ranges: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high) were classified to determine the flood vulnerability status. The Android application was developed using Android Studio. The location-based service in the mobile device helps to correlate the longitude and latitude information of points within the study with the database to determine the vulnerability status of an area to flooding on an average scale. It also stores such details. The results show that the study area is a relatively low terrain and is more vulnerable to flooding, with very low and low terrain having a percentage of 18% and 36%, respectively. The result also shows that only 11% of the study area is built up with vegetation, and farmland has a percentage of 18% and 22%, respectively. Although it was discovered that the flood vulnerability assessment can only be done within the study area, updates can be made to enable it to work for other areas.Item SSESSMENT OF LAND DEGRADATION USING REMOTE SENSING APPROACH(Geodesy and Cartography, 2023-09-23) Ekundayo Abayomi ADESINA, Huzaifa Ishaq MUHAMMAD. Land degradation leads to the alteration of ecological and economic functions due to a decrease in the productivity and quality of the land. Land degradation over Minna, Niger State, was assessed using geospatial techniques. Studies between the rainfall and NDVI used on human-induced and climate-induced land degradation were correlated. Landsat images on a decadal scale (2000–2019) were processed and classified using a maximum likelihood classifier. NDVI trends are not due to rainfall dynamics to human actions. Averagely low, about 24.14%, correlation was found between the observed land degradation and the precipitation factor, yielding more than 50% congruence in degradation induced by human activities. The study discovered that the built-up and bare surfaces are increasing. The long-term changes in built-ups were a 96% increase between 2000 and 2019; conversely, a sharp decrease in vegetative lands of about –19.38%. Based on the terrain analysis, locations have less steep and moderate slopes in the study area due to continuous urban expansion and demographic pressure. Consequently, over time, available lands not degraded within the study areas would be reduced. The study recommended a proper land management system of land use allocation and land cover activities.Item Impact of Landscape Components on User Wellbeing in the University Environment, Minna, Nigeria(International Journal of Landscape Planning and Architecture, 2024) Deborah Oluwabunmi Alonge, Ogunbase Samuel Oluwatosin , Adesina EkundayoIt is believed that one's ability to appreciate aesthetics, general health, and well-being are all impacted by the visible landscape. Lecture halls are a vital component of learning environments because they give lecturers and students a place to teach, learn, and do academic work. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of landscape elements on user well-being in lecture rooms at the Federal University of Technology, Minna (FUTMINNA), Nigeria. Specifically, the study looks at the effects of natural light, vegetation, and outdoor views on user wellbeing. The study used a survey questionnaire approach to gather information from 200 staff members and students as a sample. The study found a number of crucial landscape elements that significantly affect students' well-being in lecture halls. According to the research, adding these landscape elements can greatly improve learning by boosting satisfaction overall, lowering stress levels, and enhancing concentration. Additionally, the study discovered that outdoor vistas and natural lighting were important in enhancing happy emotions and lowering negative ones. It also identified the particular types of flora that were most beneficial in enhancing wellbeing, such as trees and flowering plants. The study's findings can be applied to the design of lecture halls and other learning environments in the future, emphasizing the value of using landscape elements to improve user wellbeing and the learning process.Item Comparative Assessment of SRTM and UAV-Derived Dem in Flood Modelling(Environmental Technology & Science Journal, 2021-12) Adesina E. A, Musa A, Ajayi O. G, Odumosu J. O, Opaluwa Y. D & Onuigbo I. CFlooding is one of the most devastating natural disasters occurring annually in many parts of the world. This study investigates the performance of DEM with different spatial resolution in flood modelling along the floodplain of Shiroro dam, Nigeria. Three different DEMs of 30 m, 15 m and 3 m spatial resolution covering the study area were investigated. The performance of the DEMs for flood modelling was evaluated with the aid of flood inundation modelling (3d Analyst) tools in the ArcScene environment of ArcGIS 10.4 using results obtained from the shallow water St. Venant’s equation. The shallow water St. Venant’s equation was implemented in MATLAB software using the given river bathymetric information obtained from the dam authorities. The study determined the discharge quantity and flow velocity at some identified nodes along the river and its tributaries, thus, providing a basis for determining possible flood levels within the study area. Three flood levels were identified for each of the three used DEMs. For the original and re-sampled SRTM DEMs, the identified flood levels were 200 m, 250 m and 280 m, while for the UAV-derived DEM, 150 m, 205 m and 250 m were identified as the flood levels. Flood events covering the three identified flood levels were then simulated in ArcScene to estimate inundated settlements within the study area. The original 30 m and 15 m resampled resolution SRTM DEM had maximum and minimum height values of 612 m, 125 m and 585 m, 136 m, respectively. In contrast, the UAV-derived DEM shows different characteristics, with maximum and minimum values of 497.22 m and 113.53 m, respectively. Further analysis showed that while the UAV-derived DEM reliably predicted the flood risk situation due to its high resolution, the other two DEMs over-predicted the flood risk situation of the area.Item Geomorphic Assessment of Flood Hazard within the Urban Area of Chanchaga Local Government Area, Minna, NIGERIA(International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 2022-03) Ekundayo A. Adesina, Adewale I. Adewuyi, Abdumalik M. Olaniyi, Gbenga Morenikeji, Daniel O. NjokuPairwise comparison, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Geographic Information System (GIS) have been recently used to assess flood hazard. It has been used to carry out Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) of various geomorphic factors by assigning weights based on the presumed impact of each factor on flooding. This study considered six factors which include: Slope, curvature, land cover, elevation, distance from river, and soil, using Rafinsenyi river in Chanchaga Local Government area, Minna-Nigeria, as a study area. Review of literature showed that methods of assigning weight are hypothetical and inconsistent; this research thus takes input from researchers in fields of hydraulics, hydrology, and disaster management. The weight with 0.029 as the least consistency ratio was used. Data used include: DGPS data, Satellite Images, Digital Soil Data. Landcover Maps, Digital Elevation Models (DEM), Soil Maps, and Profile Curvature maps were generated. A weighted overlay operation was carried out in ArcGIS to produce a Flood Risk Map. Livisol (Loam) soil reveals why farmers and traders indiscriminately settle along the floodplain. 6 of the 20 hectares of the study area lie between 216 and 220 metres above mean sea level, putting residential buildings at high risk of floodingItem Optimal Coverage Analysis of Existing Automated Teller Machines within Minna Metropolis, Nigeria using the Best-Fit Model(International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 2022-03) Ekundayo A. Adesina, Adewale Adewuyi, Gbenga Morenikeji, Tolulope Ogundele, Florence BabatundeOwing to the fact that nearly all economic sector of a country has embraced technology in their mode of operation. The banking industry as a financial institution in its recent implementation of electronic banking and the use of Automated Teller Machine has not been left out. The location of this ATM's with respect to their users is a geospatial problem; the industry aim is to ensure that such facilities are optimally located. The location-allocation tools in Geographic Information System thus become useful. This study investigates and assesses the existing ATMs in the study area using location and service ability as a factor. Questionnaires were administered to assess the service ability of existing ATMs. For location evaluation the geographic coordinates of ATMs and Police stations were acquired using Garmin 78 Handheld Global Positioning System, the remotely sensed image of the study area was gotten from the Office of Surveyor General of the Federation, it was digitized and used along with the acquired coordinates to create a database using ArcGIS 10.3 software. The resulting map was used to create a network analysis. Various Location-Allocation models were then used to assess and fix new optimal locations for ATMs in the study area. The results show that with a travel distance of 1.5km used in the models, the maximum coverage model is the most suitable location-allocation models, for a banking system that seeks for equity among various banks, ATM centers can be sited using this model. The marginalization that occurs from other model make them unfit for the banking industry. One of the final results from this study is that the optimal area for locating new ATMs amongst potential sites in terms of compatibility with the chosen criteria was achieved. This study suggests that; decision making future siting of ATMs to serve customers within this distance zone could use this model.Item Assessing the risk of soil loss using geographical information system (GIS) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)(2024-09-30) Ekundayo Adesina, Oluibukun Ajayi, Joseph Odumosu, Abel IllahSoil erosion poses a significant environmental challenge in many developing nations, and critically evaluating the threat of soil erosion is paramount for sustainable land management practices. This study aims to identify the contributing factors to erosion and estimate the amount of soil loss in the Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. Factors like rainfall erosivity (𝑅), soil erodibility (𝐾), topography (𝐿𝑆), cover and management (𝐶), and support practices (𝑃), were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment to generate variable layers. The estimated values of 𝑅,𝐾, 𝐿𝑆, 𝐶, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃 ranged between 438.866 and 444.319 MJmmha-1 h-1 yr-1, 0.06 to 0.015 megajoules per hectare hour megajoules-1 hectare-1 millimeter-1, 0 and 572, 0 to 0.2, and 0 to 1, respectively. GIS raster calculations derived from these factors revealed a mean estimated soil loss rate of 0-6672.83t/h/yr-1 (tons per hectare per year). Notably, rainfall emerged as the most influential factor driving soil erosion within the study area. The study highlights the necessity for immediate intervention to mitigate soil erosion in the study area. Furthermore, to formulate effective conservation and management strategies, this study advocates for further research prioritizing severity analysis areas and estimating sediment loss across the region.Item Assessment of Soil Erosion Susceptibility using Multi-Criteria Analysis(Environmental Technology and Science Journal (ETSJ), 2024) Adesina E.A., Ajayi O.G, Odumosu J.O. & Kolade T.S.Soil erosion is a significant challenge for the environment and economy, especially in erosion-prone areas which makes sustainable soil management very crucial. This study uses the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to identify areas susceptible to soil erosion and estimate soil loss. The USLE considers various factors, such as slope characteristics, vegetation management, soil erodibility, and rainfall erosivity. It uses several data sources like soil composition, precipitation patterns, digital elevation models, land usage, and vegetation cover. The study classified erosion-prone zones into low, medium, high, and very high vulnerability categories using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as part of a multi-criteria analysis. The findings reveal that the study area experiences an average annual soil loss rate of 3186.6 tonnes per hectare per year. While 83.3% of the study area has the lowest soil loss rate, though the regions could still be vulnerable to erosion due to steep slopes, high rainfall, and gullies. The Geographic Information System, USLE, and diverse data sources help identify erosion-prone areas with potential soil loss. The study's results are valuable for policymakers and farmers as they provide a foundation for targeted strategies to prevent erosion in the study area and similar regions.