Computer Engineering

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://197.211.34.35:4000/handle/123456789/128

Computer Engineering

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 30

Wireless sensor networks for remote healthcare monitoring in Nigeria: Challenges and way forward
(IEEE, 2013) Hassan, N. M.; Olaniyi, O. M.; Ahmed, A.; Dogo, E. M.
Wireless sensor networks have gained a lot interest in the field of medicine with a wide range of capabilities. In most developed countries wireless sensor networks are being used in monitoring critical illnesses such as Cancer detection, cardiovascular diseases, monitoring asthmatic patient and in the treatment of Diabetes. Wireless sensor networks have enabled medical doctors to monitor patients remotely and give them timely feedback and support; potentially increasing the reach of health care by making it available anywhere at any time The application of Wireless Sensor Networks for remote medical monitoring is relatively new in Nigeria. Recently the Nigerian government embarked on the use of e-health to meet the health requirements of its remote and rural dwellers. In this paper, we discuss some of the core challenges facing the application of wireless sensor networks for remote medical care monitoring in Nigeria, and how these challenges can hinder the application of Wireless Sensor Networks for remote healthcare in Nigeria.
Design of a Simple and Low-Cost Microcontroller Based Medicare Device for Heart Beat Monitoring
(IEEE, 2013) Dogo, E. M.; Sado, F.; Adah, S. M.
Heart beat monitoring is vital to ensuring healthiness of the human cardiovascular system, but availability of a simple and low-cost heart beat monitoring device that does not require expert medical personnel to handle still remains a challenge especially in rural and semi urban areas of developing countries like Nigeria. This paper describes the design and implementation of a simple, reliable, accurate and cost effective microcontroller based heart beat monitoring device with Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and voice outputs. The heart rate of the subject is measured from the fingertip using optical sensors and the rate is then displayed on a text based LCD and voice outputs in English language and two Nigerian indigenous languages (Hausa and Yoruba).
Feasibility analysis of critical factors affecting cloud computing in Nigeria
(Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES), 2013) Dogo, E. M.; Salami, A. F.; Salman, S.
Cloud computing is an evolving and new way of delivering computing services and resources over the internet which are managed by third parties at remote sites. Currently, Cloud computing is enjoying a lot of buzz in Nigeria due to its perceived economic and operational benefits and stakeholders believe that it will transform the IT industry in Nigeria. Despite all its promises there still exist so many challenges before Cloud computing is fully adopted in the Nigerian ICT sector. This paper delivers an overview of Cloud computing together with its advantages and disadvantages. Thereafter, the challenges affecting the adoption of Cloud computing and drivers of oppoturnities that will favour and nurture the adoption of Cloud computing by organisations in Nigeria are outlined. Finally, recommendations for the adoption of Cloud computing technology by stakeholders in Nigeria are discussed.
Cross-Layer Integration Approach for Improving QoS for IPv6 Based VOIP
(iJET, 2014) Dogo, E. M.; Ahmed, A.; Olaniyi, O. M.
Voice over IP (VOIP) is today one of the most innovative IP based Communication Technologies in the Telecommunications industry. This has made it to enjoy a high degree of success in its application in small, medium and large scale enterprises, primarily to save cost as well as leveraging on its enhance functionalities such as mobility and scalability. Despite all its successes, VOIP still faces challenges with Quality of Service (QoS) degradation. This paper proposes a cross-layer model to effectively manage interactions in the data, network and transport layers guided by tradeoff between three performance metrics that affect QoS of VOIP for an improved QoS for Voice over IPv6 (VOIPv6). The parameters taken into consideration in this proposed model are: packet loss, delay and throughput observe by the end user.
Development of Feedback Mechanism for Microcontroller Based SMS Electronic Strolling Message Display Board. African Journal of Computing & ICT
(African Journal of Computing & ICT, 2014-08-12) Dogo, E.M., Akogbe A.M., Folorunsho, T. A., Maliki, D., & Akindele, A
Digital electronic display board is fast gaining acceptance and application in different spheres of life which include educational education institution, public utility places and in advertisement due to the problem associated with constitution of signposts and manually placement of papers on walls, buildings, and edifies which makes the environment look untidy. This paper presents the design and development of a microcontroller based electronic strolling message display board, which will be used to display messages and information in real-time via SMS. This microcontroller based electronic strolling message display board offers the flexibility to a user to control the message or information displayed without recourse to geographical location of the user, provided there is GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) mobile network. It therefore eliminates the inconveniences of physically going to the display board to manually input information using a computer system. The paper also incorporates a feedback mechanism from the remote display board to ascertain that the message sent by the user has been displayed. The circuit of the devices is designed based on PIC18F4520 microcontroller and C-programming language is used to program the microcontroller.
A GSM-Based Remote Controlled Poultry Feed Dispensing System Using DTMF
(2016) Ahmed, A.; Olaniyi, O. M.; Dogo, E. M.; James, E.
Poultry rearing for small scale and commercial farmers has made large contribution in food production. With the recent decline in contribution of livestock subsectors to the national economy, there is a need to device a means of making poultry farming convenient, attractive and maximize yield. Automated Feeding is considered very important in poultry production; however, many famers in the tropical regions practice subsistence farming and mostly employ manual poultry feeding. This paper presents the development of a GSM-based remote-control poultry feed dispensing system via Dual Tone Multi-frequency (DTMF) for intermittent control of poultry feed dispensing. Proper knowledge in this area by farmer will help in running effective production and increase yield in meat and egg to maximize profit. The system is multi state fully input dependent system whose change of state can be controlled by a remote control. The developed mechatronic system reduces manpower, saves time and operates efficiently with minimal human involvement in poultry feeding. The system demonstrated practical effort regarding the improvement in performance of existing solid feed dispensing for high yield with minimal human intervention
Development of Secure RFID Authentication System for Electronic Inter-Campus Transportation Billing
(ATBU, 2017) Kolo, J. G., Dogo, E. M., Olaniyi, O. M., & Oyegbemi, S. A.
A good transportation system is an essential recipe to the economy of every city. This work made attempts to improve the transportation billing system by automating the process using RFID technology, devoid of physical cash collection. Inter-campus University transportation service is taken as a case study. Secure RFID reader and tag was used, employing an AES encryption scheme for authentication, where users register with their student identification card which is their unique RFID tags and credit their account in preparation for future travel. The prototype system is developed to place on hold a faulty vehicle while making suggestions for vehicles that are available for travels. The system also saves the record of each travel with respect to the time and destination of the vehicle. Accuracy and response time were metrics used to evaluate the performance of the implemented prototype system; the accuracy of the system when tested on fifteen
Development of a Biometric Based Car Park Access Control and Billing System
(2017) Inalegwu, O. C., Dogo, E. M., Kolo, J. G., Bima, M. E., Ajao, L. A., & Inechioma, J.
Access control involves the granting of authorization for a service to selected persons while restricting others. This paper involves the development of a car park access control system using both biometric and barcode system for the authentication. In addition to providing security to the parked cars, the developed system also automates billing for the car park users. The associated barcode is scanned while entering and exiting the car park. The difference in time is used to compute the amount payable and this is deducted from the specified user’s account. Furthermore, the developed system was evaluated using response time, false acceptance and rejection metrics. The result derived therein proves that the system is reliable with very low false rejection and false acceptance rates of 0.5% and 0.45% respectively. The response time of the system, measured as 1.407s, demonstrates its level of efficiency. In conclusion, the working prototype designed, proves that it can be easily implemented on a large scale with a low maintenance cost.
Artificial Neural Network Application for Error Estimation in Wireless Sensor Network
(IEEE Forum (ICSTEM), 2017-05-06) Agajo, J., Kolo, J. G., Maliki, D., Umar, B. U., Inalegwu, O. C.
This paper comes up with an error estimation model for Wireless Sensor Nodes,, the integrity of data received after transmission within a signal coverage range less or equal to 45 metres is analysed, Neural Network linear regression method was used to evolve resolve equation that compares error with weight of data received as δ℮(w) against δwij , an equation for error rate was also evolved after carefully comparing between data packet transmitted and Packet received, error rate er for sensor node was calculated to be 0.00918 thereby establishing the fact that expected packet to be received for every data transmitted is the product of er and Packet Transmitted.
Evaluation of Speech Quality Based on QoS Key Performance Index (KPI): A Survey
(Federal University of Technology Minna, 2017-05-06) Gbadamosi, A. S., & Maliki, D.
The utmost contest between cellular operators have left the customers highly selective with the quality of speech based on the quality of service (QoS) experienced. In order to quantitatively and qualify the network performance based on speech quality, different key performance indicators (KPI) used, are classified to aid data collection methods that are used to reduce impairment as its affect speech are discussed and classified according to their operational mode. It provides a detailed report about the perceptuality of speech quality and its statistical expectation of the network. Each of these techniques has its advantages and disadvantages as applied to underscore the network performance from a user’s point of view. These techniques evaluate degradation caused by various impairments in cellular networks. Its I s our hope that, if user get hold of these applications, it will go a long way to keep cellular operators on their toes
A Comparative Analysis of Gradient Descent-Based Optimization Algorithms on Convolutional Neural Networks
(IEEE, 2018) Dogo, E. M.; Afolabi, O. J.; Nwulu, N. I.; Twala, B.; Aigbavboa, C. O.
In this paper, we perform a comparative evaluation of seven most commonly used first-order stochastic gradient-based optimization techniques in a simple Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet) architectural setup. The investigated techniques are the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), with vanilla (vSGD), with momentum (SGDm), with momentum and nesterov (SGDm+n)), Root Mean Square Propagation (RMSProp), Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam), Adaptive Gradient (AdaGrad), Adaptive Delta (AdaDelta), Adaptive moment estimation Extension based on infinity norm (Adamax) and Nesterov-accelerated Adaptive Moment Estimation (Nadam). We trained the model and evaluated the optimization techniques in terms of convergence speed, accuracy and loss function using three randomly selected publicly available image classification datasets. The overall experimental results obtained show Nadam achieved better performance across the three datasets in comparison to the other optimization techniques, while AdaDelta performed the worst.
A survey of machine learning methods applied to anomaly detection on drinking-water quality data
(2019) Dogo, E.M.; Nwulu, N.I.; Twala, B.; Aigbavboa, C.O.
Traditional machine learning (ML) techniques such as support vector machine, logistic regression, and artificial neural network have been applied most frequently in water quality anomaly detection tasks. This paper presents a review of progress and advances made in detecting anomalies in water quality data using ML techniques. The review encompasses both traditional ML and deep learning (DL) approaches. Our findings indicate that: 1) Generally, DL approaches outperform traditional ML techniques in terms of feature learning accuracy and fewer false positive rates. However, it is difficult to make a fair comparison between studies because of different datasets, models and parameters employed. 2) We notice that despite advances made and the advantages of the extreme learning machine (ELM), its application is sparsely exploited in this domain. This study also proposes a hybrid DL-ELM framework as a possible solution that could be investigated further and used to detect anomalies in water quality data.
Dataset for a wireless sensor network based drinking-water quality monitoring and notification system
(Elsevier, 2019) Sithole, M. P. P.; Nwulu, N. I.; Dogo, E. M.
This paper presents the collected experimental data for water quality monitoring which was conducted in ten experiments by using five different common sources of water contaminants namely soil, salt, washing powder, chlorine and vinegar and their combination. The data were collected indoors at room temperature during the day for several days using sensors that measure pH, turbidity, flow rate, and conductivity in water. The water consumption risk (CR) was calculated as deviation based on the water quality parameters standards proposed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the South African Department of Water Affairs (DWA), with respect to the sensor measurement readings obtained. While the error measurements were calculated based on the expected parameter measurement per conducted experiment and repeated for 26 measurements. Pure tap water was the benchmark of water safe for human consumption. The first five experiments were performed by introducing each contaminant into the water and thereafter, two contaminants in the sixth experiment and their additions until all different contaminants were experimented at once in the last experiment.
Evaluative analysis of next generation mobile networks in future smart grid in developing countries
(ACM, 2019) Dogo, E.M.; Salami, A. F.; Nwulu, N.I.
Smart grid (SG) promises an efficient system that provides effective monitoring, timely statuses and vital automation capabilities across generation, transmission and distribution spectrum of the power grid. SG applications have stringent and unique latency and bandwidth requirements. 4G LTE and the evolving 5G promises to support a wide range of applications in the SG. This research analyses the performance of 4G LTE and 5G networks in supporting big data analytics for SG in developing countries. In order to evaluate the technical practicality of using wireless cellular networks provided by local mobile operators, a comparative analysis of three 4G LTE networks operators on wide area network (WAN) application and an emulated future 5G networks is carried out in Nigeria. The latency (λ), throughput (τ) and packet loss rate (ψ) for the three local networks providers (denoted as OP1, OP2, OP3), and the emulated 5G networks (denoted as EFN1, EFN2, EFN3) were used for the experimentation using OMNET++ simulation tool. The obtained results indicate that OP2 is a better choice for WAN SG applications when the communication radius is below 1600m and OP3 is a preferable choice when communication radius grows up to 2400m and beyond. While on the other hand, the results obtained for the 5G networks show that, on average, EFN2 is a better choice for WAN SG applications when the communication radius is lesser than 1600m and EFN3 is a preferable choice when the communication radius extend beyond 2400m.
A smart switch control system using ESP8266 Wi-Fi module integrated with an android application
(IEEE, 2019) Makhanya, S. P.; Dogo, E. M.; Nwulu. N. I.; Damisa, U.
There is an increase in demand for low-cost Smart Switch Control Systems (SSCS) that can remotely control home switches or devices in residential environments using mobile applications or websites. In this paper, an SSCS which uses open source software, and can be configured without any physical adjustment to the environment, is developed to automatically minimize energy consumption. The device comprises two parts: An Android application and a unit made up of a programmable Arduino board, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, wall socket and an SD card. In the SSCS, the Android application is used to remotely control switches using the Wi-Fi technology. Tests carried out on the system proved its effectiveness and quick response to signals.
Development of A Model for Generation of Examination Time Using Genetic Algorithm
(Federal University of Technology Minna, 2019-04-22) Ahmed, A., Umar, B. U., Abdullahi, I. M., Maliki, D., Anda, I., & Kamaldeen, J. A
Examination time table scheduling problem is one of the complexes, NP-complete and typical combinational optimization problem faced by the university community across the globe. Many researches have studies the problem due to its NP-complete nature and highly-multi-constrained problem which seeks to find possible scheduling for courses. Creating an examination timetable for university is a very difficult, time-consuming and the wider complex problem of scheduling, especially when the number of students and courses are high. Several factors are responsible for the problem: increases number of students, the aggregation of schools, changes in educational paradigms, among others. In most universities, the examination time table schedule is usually ended up with various courses clashing with one another. I order to solve this problem of time table scheduling for University examination and effective utilization of resources, this research proposed a model for examination time table generation using Genetic Algorithm (GA) probabilistic operators. GA has been successful in solving many optimization problems, including University time table. This is based on the fact that GA is accurate, precise, free from human error and robust for complex space problem. GA theory was also covered with emphasis on the use of fitness function and time to evaluate the result. The effects of altered mutation rate and population size are tested. By using Genetic algorithm, we are able to reduce the time required to generate a timetable which is more accurate, precise and free of human errors. The implication of this research is a solution, minimizing the time taken in timetable allocation and the clashing that usually characterize time table schedule.
A decade bibliometric analysis of underwater sensor network research on the Internet of Underwater Things: An African perspective
(Springer, Cham, 2020) Salami, A. F.; Dogo, E. M.; Makaba, T; Adedokun, E. A.; Muazu, M. B.; Sadiq, B. O.; Salawudeen, A. T.
Recent advancements in cloud computing (CC) and the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) have tremendously revolutionized terrestrial wireless sensor networks (TWSN) communication. These have resultantly paved the way for the practical realization of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) and the emergence of the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). The need for better environmental monitoring within the context of smart cities and the recent spate of global natural disasters has further aroused research interest in IoUT which has motivated a number of UWSN innovations, such as the development of tethered remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROUVs), untethered autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), unmanned/autonomous surface vehicles (USVs/ASVs) and other smart underwater technologies. While these inventions hold promising prospects for technologically advanced countries, the same assertion cannot be made for most African countries due to challenges inherent in research and development activities into critical IoUT/UWSN projects in the region. This chapter conducts a systematic bibliometric analysis that highlights the knowledge base for core research works in UWSN globally and within the African region. This research discovered 1025 peer-reviewed articles in 5 Scopus-indexed document sources published between 2008 and July 2019. Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer science mapping software tool was used to analyse the retrieved data from Scopus repository. The bibliometric analysis was used to evaluate specific criteria, namely, major subject area, document sources, most cited and productive authors, countries, institutions, funding institutions and most used keywords. The findings of this research indicated that UWSN/IoUT research is still in its infancy in the African region. This chapter concludes by highlighting vital missing links, essential research directions and unique technical recommendations that will be of relevance in helping the successful actualization of IoUT/UWSN research projects in Africa.
IoT Based Security Management Framework for Heterogeneous Network Environment
(2020) Ajibo, C. A.; Chinaeke-Ogbuka, I. M.; Dogo, E. M.; Ogbuka C. U.
In an effort to curb the potential losses associated with the event of security bridge, admitting the uneven bandwidth support that characterizes most developing smart cities, we propose a neural inspired Multimodal Security Management System (MSMS) that is bandwidth-tolerant. The proposed system leverages on a Next-Generation Network (NGN) architecture in catering for the challenges associated with the provisioning of ubiquitous broadband access for IoT support in a heterogeneous morphological network environment. In order to evaluate the MSMS, we simulated the proposed cloud-based system on a Next Generation Network (NGN) architecture which utilizes Internet Protocol/Multi-Protocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) as transport technique in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) backbone infrastructure. We then compare its performance over a competitive alternative transport technique: "Internet Protocol Asynchronous Transfer Mode (IP/ATM)". Thus, we further evaluated the MEMS on the latter architecture. While, our proposed system is able to capture both textual, aural, and visual information of individuals in security vulnerable environments via installed smart microphones and cameras, it is also able to integrate this information's in predicting security threats. When compared with the popular Security Management System (SMS) "ShotSpotter", results show that our proposed system outperforms the ShotSpotter system by 0.87 and 0.45 in terms of efficiency and response time respectively. Finally, simulation of our proposed system on an IP/MPLS transport schemes shows that the former outperforms the latter with respect to overall network bandwidth utilization and average traffic loss in the ratio of 0.098 and 0.087 respectively.
Automated Hydroponic System Integrated With an Android Smartphone Application
(IGI Global, 2021) Nwulu, N.; Suka, D.; Dogo, E
Hydroponics farming is fast gaining acceptance globally as an alternative and viable method of farming, instigated by the contemporary challenges posed by climate change, exploding population growth, and global food insecurity. Hydroponics farming can be greatly improved by leveraging on innovative technological advances that will allow for the effective and efficient utiliza-tion of limited natural resources such as water, energy (sunlight), and dwindling agricultural farmlands, consequently resulting in higher yields. This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated flood and drain hydroponic system with internet of things and Android application functionalities. The design is an integrated and automatic plant-watering, water level, and pH measurement and control system using Android application with wi-fi communication technology. Tests carried out proved the workability of the system in line with expected design considerations.
Automated Microcontroller-Based Irrigation System
(IGI Global, 2021) Makana, M.; Nwulu, N.; Dogo, E
Traditional irrigation systems do not take into consideration the conservation of water. Therefore, automating the plant watering systems to reduce water wastage and loss would be key to water conservation as a means of making use of water wisely and responsibly. In this chapter, a smart irrigation system that helps control the amount of water applied to crops is proposed and developed. The system controls the ON/OFF state of the water pumping motor based on the soil moisture sensor reading. Other sensors incorporated in the system are the water level sensor and light dependent resistor. The system leverages on the Arduino Uno microcontroller development board to collect input signals from the three sensors. The water pump operates depending on the value of the output signal received by the relay module. This technique of watering is feasible and very affordable and reduces human intervention in field watering.