Chemistry
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Item Evaluation of Amino Acids in the Milk Preparations from Tiger Nut Rhizome and Its Mixed Varieties(IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS), 2013-10) Salau, Rasaq Bolakale; Aminu, Muhammad; Bisiriyu, M. T; Bamidele, K. G; Bishir, UsmanThe amino acid composition of yellow and brown tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) milk preparations and their mixtures were studied. The mixed variety was prepared by mixing equal proportions of the two varieties. The milk preparation was obtained by blending and subsequent expression of the milk.. Protein analysis started with the hydrolysis of the milk preparation with HCl for 23hrs, and the resulting amino acids were quantified with amino acid analyser (Technicom TSM-1). The % nitrogen for the yellow, Brown and the mixture are 3.72, 3.24 and 2.22, respectively. Arginine has the highest value of 15.87, 16.22 and 19.20 g/100g respectively conferring the same order of amino acid basicity. Methionine and tyrosine are the lowest (0.60 and 0.63, 0.68 and 0.48, 0.49 and 0.48 g/100g protein) respectively. Tryptophan is not prominently associated with the myriad of essential amino acids of tiger nut milk. It was not detectable in any of the varieties. The overall result of the study showed that tiger nut milk is a rich source of protein. It can also be consumed as a valuable substitute for conventional cow's milk and other known milk sources. The milk prepared from the mixed variety exhibited a synergistic effect as it combined some beneficial amino acids that either of the two varieties lacks.Item Investigation of the Phytochemical and Nutritional Potentials of Locally Prepared Aqueous Extract of Sorghum Vulgare’s Stalk(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2015-12) Salau, Rasaq Bolakale; Aminu, Muhammad; Bisiriyu, M. T.; Momoh, B. A.; Bishir, Usman; Ahmed, SalisuSorghum vulgare is a beneficial plant whose stalks are still under-explored. The need to examine its nutritional and medicinal values becomes critical as its stalk decoctions are becoming widespread local drink preparations. Samples of sorghum (guinea corn) were obtained from six selected farmlands in Minna, the North central zone of Nigeria. They were dried, finely ground and kept as both whole and extract samples. Extraction by the decoction method was used. Proximate composition and elemental determinations were carried out on both sample types. Phytochemical screening was also carried out on only aqueous extract, which is the only form in which the local drinks are prepared and consumed. The proximate shows prominent contents of ash, crude fibre, crude fat and carbohydrate values of whole and extract samples value which are (3.00%, 15%), (36.47%, Nil), (16.00%, 11.50%), (32.41%, 73.05%) respectively. Similarly,, the mean load of major essential elements (Ca, Na, K and Mg) in mg/100g of the two forms showed (24.50, 40.30), (23.30, 15.70), (212.20, 142.90) and (14.00, 13.30). The mean load of trace essential elements: Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu gives (52.00, 25.00), (5.10, 5.60), (2.80, 2.70), and (0.70, 0.30), respectively. The aqueous extract showed a prominent presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, tannins and saponins,, while flavonoids were moderately present. The overall studies show that sorghum stalk possibly is not only capable of supplying nutrients but also could be a potential part of medicinal therapeutic formations.