Chemistry
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://197.211.34.35:4000/handle/123456789/96
Chemistry
Browse
4 results
Search Results
Item Assessment of Water Quality of Bosso Water-Board using Weighted Arithmetic Index Method(36th AGM and 16th International Annual Conference of the Nigerian Institution of Agricultural Engineers (NIAE, GOBARAU, 2015), Katsina State, 2015-10-15) Animashaun, I. M.; Otache, M. Y.; Ojodu, A. B.,; Kuti, I. A.; Bisiriyu, M. T.; Garuba, A. OInformation on a method that can be used to ascertain status of potable water consumed by the public is very important. Water from Bosso Water-board was assessed at the Water Board and at the consumer end using Weighted Arithmetic Index Method. Water samples collected were analyzed for twelve parameters (pH, Electrical conductivity, Chloride, Total dissolve solids, Iron, Alkalinity, Nitrite, Nitrate, Zinc, Phosphate and E.coli). The results of the analysis were used in computing Water Quality Index. The index for Water-board, Location A, B, and C were 5.96, 119.13, 60.71 and 57.66, respectively. These results showed that water sample from Bosso Water-board is fit for drinking, but samples from the consumer end were unfit. The implication is that pipe borne water supply from the Boards can pose a threat to the health of the public when consumed.Item CHARACTERIZATION OF VIRGIN ASPHALTENES AND ITS SUBFRACTIONS USING UV-VISIBLE AND FTIR SPECTROSCOPY(School of Physical Sciences, 2017-05-05) Bisiriyu, M. T.; Idris, S.; Garba, H. A.; Yelwa, A. S.; Muhammad, A. B.; Faruq, U. Z.Spectroscopic characterization of asphaltene is necessary in order to understand the changes it undergoes when heavy and extra-heavy oil types such as bitumen are subjected to catalytic aquathermolysis. The structural composition of asphaltene and its subfractions were investigated using UV/Visible and FTIR Spectroscopy. Raw bitumen sample was obtained from the bitumen deposit at Mile 2 in Odigbo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The sample was purified and the asphaltene fraction was precipitated with n-hexane, the precipitated asphaltene was fractionated into fractions A and B based on their difference in solubility and polarity with hexane/toluene mixture at a fixed ratio. The results showed that virgin asphaltene and its subfractions absorbed light of longer wavelength in the range (465 640 nm), indicating that they are made up of polynuclear aromatic compounds. The results also revealed the presence of alkyl side chains and major oxygenated groups in both virgin asphaltene and its subfractions (A and B). In general, asphaltene are complex molecular compound which consists of aromatic moieties with alkyl side chains, polar groups (esther, ether and carbonyl), acidic and basic groups (carboxylic and pyridine) which can interact at certain pH range by accepting or donating protonsItem Concentrations of Selected Heavy Metals in Soil in the Vicinities of Two Major Municipal Dumpsites in Minna, Nigeria(J. Chem Soc. Nigeria,, 2019-01-18) Lawal, U. F. Lawal; Jacob, J. O.; Yisa, J.; Bisiriyu, M. T.This study assesses the concentrations of lead, cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc, as well as some physico-chemical properties of surface soils in the vicinity of Gurusu and Kuyi dumpsites in Minna City, Nigeria, using standard analytical methods. The soil is generally sandy with a pH ranging from 5.20 (slightly acidic) to 8.67 (slightly alkaline). Organic matter content of the soil ranged from 1.0 to 12% while the Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) ranged from 12 to 120meq/g. The range of mean concentrations (mg/kg) of heavy metals in the Gurusu dumpsite were: Pb(0.71 - 19.51), Cd(2.22 - 2.80), Ni(23.55 - 45.39), Cu(16.74 - 50.37) and Zn(9.52 - 55.73), while that of Kuyi dumpsite were: Pb(37.35 - 54.29), Cd(4.19 - 4.67), Ni(2.83 -10.52), Cu(25.13 - 40.78) and Zn(1.05 - 22.42). The low clay contents, low organic matter and high Cation Exchange Capacity are capable of enhancing metal mobility. Generally, the concentrations of heavy metals in soil decrease with distance from the dump heap in both dumpsites and are higher in the dumpsites than the control sites. This showed that the dumpsites were major contributors to the heavy metal build-up in their vicinities and that the dumpsites were appreciably contaminated by these metals. The concentrations of the heavy metals Pb and Cd in soil samples of both dumpsites were found to be generally higher than the WHO permissive limit for agricultural soils. This calls for concern as these metals are highly toxic and of no known biochemical importance.Item Investigation of the Phytochemical and Nutritional Potentials of Locally Prepared Aqueous Extract of Sorghum Vulgare’s Stalk(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2015-12) Salau, Rasaq Bolakale; Aminu, Muhammad; Bisiriyu, M. T.; Momoh, B. A.; Bishir, Usman; Ahmed, SalisuSorghum vulgare is a beneficial plant whose stalks are still under-explored. The need to examine its nutritional and medicinal values becomes critical as its stalk decoctions are becoming widespread local drink preparations. Samples of sorghum (guinea corn) were obtained from six selected farmlands in Minna, the North central zone of Nigeria. They were dried, finely ground and kept as both whole and extract samples. Extraction by the decoction method was used. Proximate composition and elemental determinations were carried out on both sample types. Phytochemical screening was also carried out on only aqueous extract, which is the only form in which the local drinks are prepared and consumed. The proximate shows prominent contents of ash, crude fibre, crude fat and carbohydrate values of whole and extract samples value which are (3.00%, 15%), (36.47%, Nil), (16.00%, 11.50%), (32.41%, 73.05%) respectively. Similarly,, the mean load of major essential elements (Ca, Na, K and Mg) in mg/100g of the two forms showed (24.50, 40.30), (23.30, 15.70), (212.20, 142.90) and (14.00, 13.30). The mean load of trace essential elements: Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu gives (52.00, 25.00), (5.10, 5.60), (2.80, 2.70), and (0.70, 0.30), respectively. The aqueous extract showed a prominent presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, tannins and saponins,, while flavonoids were moderately present. The overall studies show that sorghum stalk possibly is not only capable of supplying nutrients but also could be a potential part of medicinal therapeutic formations.