Civil Engineering
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://197.211.34.35:4000/handle/123456789/148
Civil Engineering
Browse
Item Empirical Relationship between Compressive, Flexural and Splitting Tensile Strengths of Concrete Containing Kuta Gravel as Coarse Aggregate(Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 2025-02-02) Abubakar, J.; Abdullahi, M.; Aguwa, J. I.; Abbas, B. A.; Kolo, D. N.Flexural and tensile strengths of concrete are of great importance in structural engineering. Understanding the flexural strength of concrete helps designers prevent and control development of cracks in concrete elements, ensuring durability. In addition to serviceability, shear, bond failure and flexural capacity in concrete members are directly linked to the tensile strength of the concrete. When compared to flexural and tensile strengths, determination of the compressive strength of concrete is easier to carry out in the field. It is therefore, customary to determine the compressive strength and correlate it to other strength properties. In this study, empirical relationships have been developed to relate the compressive strength to the flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete using Kuta river gravel as coarse aggregate. Using varying total aggregate to cement, coarse aggregate to total aggregate and water to cement ratios, 20 mixes were generated using Central Composite Design (CCD) in Minitab 21. The compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete samples from these mixes were determined at 28 days of age. From the strength data obtained, regression equations were developed that relate the strength properties with the aid of regression analysis tool in Microsoft Excel. The empirical models developed to predict the flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete from the compressive strength recorded R2 values of 1 for both models, P-values of 5.23 × 10−29 and 4.47 × 10−30, and standard errors of 0.21 and 0.06 respectively. Furthermore, residuals from the values of predicted strength properties show that there is very slight deviation between the experimental and predicted values. It was concluded that the empirical equations developed are significant, have high predictive capabilities and can be used in predicting the flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete.Item Numerical Investigation of Reinforced Concrete Beam Containing Iron Ore Tailings as Partial Replacement of Sand(Conference: 4 th International Conference on Innovations and Challenges in Engineering and Technology for Sustainable DevelopmentAt: Arba Minch University, Ethiopia, 2023) Abubakar, Mahmud; Haruna, M. I.; Abdulrahman, H. S.; Abbas, B. A.The production of industrial and agricultural residual by-products can generate significant environmental impact. In response, researchers have begun incorporating supplementary materials made from agro-industrial wastes to create more sustainable concrete. However, testing the performance of these waste-based concrete mixtures can be time-consuming and expensive. To address this issue, this study utilized three dimensional non-linear Finite Element simulation using the ABAQUS/CAE software to predict the behavior of a reinforced concrete beam that incorporated 20% IOT as partial sand replacement. The simulation successfully predicted the damage behavior of the 20% IOT concrete, indicating the potential of this modeling approach to accurately predict the performance of waste-based concrete mixtures in various designs.Item POTENTIAL OF CALCIUM CARBIDE RESIDUE MODIFIED SANDCRETE BLOCKS IN ENHANCING THERMAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN(2nd Faculty of Engineering and Technology Conference (FETiCON 2024), Jun. 2 - 6, 2024, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2024) Ibrahim, M; Abubakar, Mahmud; Abdullahi, Aliyu; Abbas, B. A.Sustainability has increasingly become a prominent topic in the field of construction, and as such, it is necessary to explore means of reducing the overdependence on the use of cement in construction works. This study investigated the effects of calcium carbide residue (CCR) as a partial substitute for cement in sandcrete blocks. Due to the high pH value of calcium carbide residue, its disposal in landfills increases the alkalinity of the environment. From raw material extraction through final product disposal, the construction industry is integrally involved in every stage of the lifecycle of greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, cement was partially substituted using CCR at 0% and 12% by weight replacement. The sandcrete blocks were of 450 mm × 225 mm × 225 mm dimensions and made from a Cement-CRR mix ratio of 1:6 and water-cement ratio of 0.6. Preliminary tests such as consistency, setting times, soundness, and specific gravity tests were carried out on cement and cement + 12% CCR. The thermal properties, which include thermal conductivity (k), heat transfer coefficient (U), specific heat capacity (Cp) and diffusivity (α) of the sandcrete blocks were determined. The thermal tests were carried out after the 28th day of curing. The result showed that CCR increased the water demand by the sandcrete blocks, hence reducing its workability. The sandcrete block samples made with 12% CCR replacement showed improved compressive strength. The k for 0% and 12% replacement was 0.5497 W/mK and 0.3978 W/mK, respectively, while the U was 54.974 W/m2K and 39.784 W/m2K, respectively for the 0% and 12% replacement. On the other hand, the Cp for 0% and 12% was 0.0003364 J/kg°C and 0.0001598 J/kg°C, respectively, while the diffusivity was 636.54m2/s and 1113.94m2/s for 0% and 12% replacement, respectively. As such, we can infer that 12% CCR replacement of cement gives more energy-efficient and sustainable sandcrete blocks.Item Production of Pavement Blocks Using Low Density Polyethylene Product Waste(SETIC 2022 International Conference: “Sustainable Development and Resilience of the Built Environment in the Era of Pandemic” School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna 6th – 8th February, 2023., 2023) Aboje, A. A.; Abbas, B. A.; Kolo, D. N.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Abdulsalam, A.Waste sachet water packs cause considerable land pollution in Nigeria. In this research, pavement block was produced using low density polyethylene products waste (sachet water packs) as an alternative binder. The production was achieved by first converting the sachet water packs into pellets and blending it with sandstone in a mass ratio of 8:2 (A), 7:3 (B) and 6:4 (C) sandstone to pellets respectively. The compressive strength, %water absorption and curing time tests were carried out on the pavement block to determine it suitability and safety for low-traffic use. The compressive strength for polymer concrete samples A, B and C were 13.65N/mm2, 16.99N/mm2 and 20.34N/mm2 respectively. After carrying out the %water absorption test on the polymer concrete A, B and C the following result was obtained: 8.33%, 5.47% and 4.03% respectively. It should be noted that the polymer concrete samples and the control samples which (are cement concrete based) are for light-traffic use (pedestrian, plazas, shopping complexes ramps, car parks, office drive ways, rural roads with low traffic, and residential road).