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Item A Comparative Analysis of Grillage method and Beam line analysis of a reinforced concrete waffle bridge deck(Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), 2022-01-12) 8. Adamu, H. N.; Abbass, B. A.; Abubakar, M.; Yusuf, A.; Kolo, D. N.; Shehu, M.The analysis of reinforced concrete waffle bridge deck using chanchaga bridge as a case study was carried out with the aid of computer program written in MATLAB. The bridge deck which is a beam bridge was idealized to be a waffle slab. A mathematical model of the bridge was developed using the method of grillages because very complex shapes of problem domain with prescribed conditions can be handled easily using the method. The bridge deck was modelled as interconnection of grid elements. The analysis was carried out using direct stiffness matrix method. The nodal displacements and the resulting static internal forces; shear forces, bending moments and twisting moments of each grid element were determined using the matrix. The results obtained using the method of grillages were then compared with beam line analysis and the former method gave a 10% decrease in forces which will result in the reduction of overall design and materials by 10%.Item A Comparative Study of Library and Information Science (LIS) Education A Case of Kenya and India(The Global Education Network in Collaboration with The University of Lome, Togo, 2020) Goshie, Rhoda WusaItem A Comparative Study of Library and Information Science (LIS) Education: A case of Kenya and India(The Global Education Network in Collaboration with the University of Lome, Togo, 2020) Goshie, RhodaLibrary and Information (LIS) as the name implies is a combination of two fields namely library and information science. The joint term is associated with schools of library and information science (SLIS). Most of the education transformation efforts worldwide are focused on how education, which is very laudable, but very little, is being done about the what. in this era of knowledge economy and information society, information is the driving force of any kind of societal development in all sectors of economy, intellectual and culture. The key is the delivery of information to the society. LIS is the academic and professional study of how information and information carriers are produced, disseminated, discovered, evaluated, selected, acquired, used, organized, maintained and managed. The origin growth and development of library programs varies from one country to another. The emergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) particularly, the internet and other related technologies have brought about a fundamental and dramatic shift in global educational system which is changing by day. The purpose of this paper is to compare the library and information science (LIS) education in Kenya and India for the progress of the programs in other parts of the country. The paper listed the challenges that could likely stand as a stumbling block to LIS education. Recommendations were provided at the end of the paperItem A Mathematical Model for Estimating the Weight of Human Beings Using Some Anthropometric Parameters (A Case Study of Taraba State of Nigeria’s Community)(British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science, 2015-03-27) Ogwumu, O. D.; Amoo, S. A.; Eguda, F. Y.; Adeyefa, E. O.; Abubakar, SamuelThe research is concerned with the development of a mathematical model for estimating the body weight of human beings in relation to some of their anthropometric parameters (height and waist sizes). The model was optimized to know whether it is possible for humans to have a maximum or minimum body weight. However, the optimization result showed that there is no specific body weight that could be called a maximum or minimum. Emphasis was laid mainly on a particular proportion of Nigerians from the north- west geopolitical zone (as a case study ) in order to be able to make generalizations about the entire country and beyond. Hence, the population sample for the research was the Taraba State of Nigeria’s Community. Moreover, several recommendations were made at the end of the model analysis which when adhered to, would bring about some medical breakthroughs to the entire human populace.Item A Mathematical Model for Water Quality Assessment: Evidence-Based from Selected Boreholes in Federal University Dutse, Nigeria(UMYU Scientifica, 2023-12-30) Eguda, F. Y.; Amoo, A. O.; Adamu, S. B.; Ogwumu, O. D.; Somma, Samuel Abu; Babura I. B.The present study assessed the quality of water sampled from different boreholes on the campus of Federal University Dutse, Nigeria, using a mathematical modelling approach. A model for estimating water quality was developed based on physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, turbidity, and total hardness measured from each borehole. The correlation analysis of physicochemical data indicates a strong correlation of about 99% between the real-life data collected from six (6) different boreholes and the model’s predictions. From the results, the sensitivity analysis revealed that electrical conductivity plays the highest role in determining water quality, followed by total hardness, temperature has the third highest impact, followed by turbidity, the fourth, and pH has the least impact in determining water quality in the listed boreholes. Therefore, in any case of intervention, the water quality regulatory body should be sent regularly to the tertiary institutions in the state for routine check-ups.Item A Mathematical Model of a Yellow Fever Dynamics with Vaccination(Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics, 2015-11) Oguntolu, F. A.; Akinwande, N. I.; Somma, Samuel Abu; Eguda, F. Y.; Ashezua. T. T.In this paper, a mathematical model describing the dynamics of yellow fever epidemics, which involves the interactions of two principal communities of Hosts (Humans) and vectors (mosquitoes) is considered .The existence and uniqueness of solutions of the model were examined by actual solution. We conduct local stability analysis for the model. The results show that it is stable under certain conditions. The system of equations describing the phenomenon was solved analytically using parameter-expanding method coupled with direct integration. The results are presented graphically and discussed. It is discovered that improvement in Vaccination strategies will eradicate the epidemics.Item A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MEASLES DISEASE DYNAMICS(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), 2012-08-25) Abubakar, Samuel; Akinwande, N. I.; Abdulrahman, S.In this paper a Mathematical model was proposed for measles disease dynamics. The model is a system of first order ordinary differential equations with three compartments: Susceptible S(t); Infected I(t) and Recovered R(t). The equilibrium state for both Disease Free and Endemic equilibrium are obtained. Conditions for stability of the Disease Free and Endemic equilibrium are obtained from characteristics equation and Bellman and Cooke theorem respectively. The hypothetical values were used to analyze the Endemic Equilibrium and the result was presented in tabular form. The results from the Disease Free and Endemic Equilibrium state showed that once the epidemic breaks out, the population cannot sustain it.Item A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MONKEY POX VIRUS TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS(Ife Journal of Science, 2019-06-10) Somma, Samuel Abu; Akinwande, N. I.; Chado, U. D.In this paper a mathematical model of monkey pox virus transmission dynamics with two interacting host populations; humans and rodents is formulate. The quarantine class and public enlightenment campaign parameter are incorporated into human population as means of controlling the spread of the disease. The Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) and Endemic Equilibrium (EE) are obtained. The basic reproduction number R 0 < h and R 0r 1 and R 1 < are computed and used for the analysis. The Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) is analyzed for stability using Jacobian matrix techniques and Lyapunov function. Stability analysis shows that the DFE is stable if .Item A Mathematical Study of Contaminant Transport with First-order Decay and Time-dependent Source Concentration in an Aquifer(Universal Journal of Applied Mathematics, 2013-11-05) Olayiwola, R. O.; Jimoh, O. R.; Yusuf, A.; Abubakar, SamuelA mathematical model describing the transport of a conservative contaminant through a homogeneous finite aquifer under transient flow is presented. We assume the aquifer is subjected to contamination due to the time-dependent source concentration. Both the sinusoidally varying and exponentially decreasing forms of seepage velocity are considered for the purposes of studying seasonal variation problems. We use the parameter-expanding method and seek direct eigenfunctions expansion technique to obtain analytical solution of the model. The results are presented graphically and discussed. It is discovered that the contaminant concentration decreases along temporal and spatial directions as initial dispersion coefficient increases and initial groundwater velocity decreases. This concentration decreases as time increases and differs at each point in the domain.Item A Novel Seventh-Order Implicit Block Hybrid Nyström-Type Method for Second- Order Boundary Value Problems(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI), 2023-11-05) Joel Olusegun Ajinuhi; Umaru Mohammed; Abdullah Idris Enagi; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQThis paper introduces a novel approach for solving second-order nonlinear differential equations, with a primary focus on the Bratu problem, which holds significant importance in diverse scientific areas. Existing methods for solving this problem have limitations, prompting the development of the Block Hybrid Nystrom-Type Method (BHNTM). BHNTM utilizes the Bhaskara points derived, using the Bhaskara cosine approximation formula. The method seeks a numerical solution in the form of a power series polynomial, efficiently determining coefficients. The paper discusses BHNTM's convergence, zero stability, and consistency properties, substantiated through numerical experiments, highlighting its accuracy as a solver for Bratu-type equations. This research contributes to the field of numerical analysis by offering an alternative, effective approach to tackle complex second-order nonlinear differential equations, addressing critical challenges in various scientific domains.Item A Remote-Sensing Based Assessment of Seasonal Variation in Vegetation Quality and Productivity in Nimbia Forest(Civil and Environmental Research, 2015) Ifeanyi C. Onuigbo, Joseph O. Odumosu, Ekundayo. A. Adesina, Nanpon. Zitta, Oluibukun G. Ajayi, Abdullahi A. KutaAgriculture plays a vital role in the growth and sustainability of developing countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, there is a need to monitor and assess the changes taking place in vegetation quality and productivity. The conventional ground survey method has proved to be highly tedious, laborious, and grossly limited, especially when large and densely forested regions are concerned. This paper presents a remote sensing-based approach as a real-time technology to determine the effect and extent of water loss caused by seasons on vegetation quality in Nimbia forest, Kaduna State. ENVI 4.7, ArcGIS 10.0, and Global Mapper Software were used, and a discrepancy of about 45% in the quality of vegetation has been observed between seasons in the region under study.Item A Study of Indigenous Knowledge and Cultural Heritage as Cohesive Forces Among Selected Tribes in Niger State, Nigeria(NLA Kwara state chapter, 2021) Babalola, G.A.; Salubuyi, M.A.; J.O. Akidi; O.F. Babalola; L. AkawuThe study examined indigenous knowledge and cultural heritage as cohesive forces: a study of selected tribes in Niger state, Nigeria.Item A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF DEGRADATION ON INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE(Journal of Science, Technology, Mathematics and Education (JOSTMED), FUT Minna, 2016-03-15) Nasir, .A.; Usman, .S. A.; Mohammed, .A.; Muhammed, .S. N.; Bori IgeComponent degradation is a very common problem associated with operating industrial gas turbines. The major components so affected by this phenomenon are compressor, combustor and turbine blades. This paper studied the effect of degradation on gas turbine performance. The study involved the analyses of operating parameters effects for Siemens gas turbine engines model SGT5 – 2000E coded GT11 and GT21 in the power stations at Geregu power stations. The parameters considered were ambient temperature, exhaust temperature, combustion chamber pressure and turbine entry temperature, GT11 is degraded while GT21 is newly installed engine both in the same location at Geregu I and II power stations in Ajaokuta, Kogi State in the North central part of Nigeria.Simulations were carried out using Gas turb 11 simulation software, results of engine performance parameters were compared and it was revealed that due to component degradation, the turbine entry temperature (TET) increased to 1049.67oC, the fuel flow increased by 8.49% and power fell by 7.14%. Consequently, the cost of power loss is one hundred and eighty-seven million, one hundred and eleven thousand, seven hundred and fifty-three naira ninety-two kobo (₦187,111,753.92k) over a period of one year for the degraded gas turbine.Item A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattle and non wattled red sokoto does and their offspring(Nigerian Journal of Animal Production., 2021) Kolo, P. S.; Otu, B. O.; Banjo, A. A.; Kolo, H. N.A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring *Kolo, P. S., Otu, B., Banjo, A. A., and Kolo, H. N. Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Corresponding author: kolo.philip@futminna.edu.ng; +2347035071871 Wattle is of utmost ornamental importance for courting potential mates and influencing thermoregulatory mechanisms which help the animal adapt to the environment. It also provides information on relationship between haematological and serum biochemical parameters. A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Fifty (52) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does four (4) bucks and sixteen (16) weaned kids managed semi-intensively were used for the study Blood samples were collected using 5 ml syringe and 22-guage needle from the jugular vein. 5 ml of blood was collected from each goat used out of which 2.5 ml was dispensed into Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottle while the remaining 2.5 ml was dispensed into plain (anticoagulant free) bottles and labelled properly according to the treatment group. Data collected were analyzed using SAS statistical package. It was observed: that wattle had significant effect (p<0.05) on Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cell (WBC), Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Chloride, Phosphorus, Cholesterol, Total Protein, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Total Bilirubin of Red Sokoto Does but had no significant influence on the haematology and serum biochemistry of wean Red Sokoto kids. Does in T had the highest MCH values of 63.50 mmo/l while treatments T1 3 , T2 and T4 had values of 23.00 mmo/l, 33.00mmo/l and 34.00mmo/l respectively. Also Does in T2, T3 and T4 recorded higher calcium levels of 2.54mmo/l, 2.56mmol/l and 2.61mmo/l) respectively compared to values of 2.29mmo/l recorded in T1. These relevant influence of wattle therefore should suggest the deployment of deliberate effort to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going to extinction.Item Adaptive Resource Allocation and Mode Switching for D2D Networks With Imperfect CSI in AGV-Based Factory Automation(IEEE, 2024-12-16) GBADAMOSI, Safiu Abiodun; HANCKE, Gerhard Petrus; ABU-MAHFOUZ, Adnan M.In industrial factory automation and control system, reliable communication for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in dynamic, interference laden factory settings are essential particularly for real-time operations. Device-to-device (D2D) technology can enhance industrial network performance by offloading traffic and improving resource utilization. However, deploying D2D-enabled networks presents challenges such as interference control and imperfect channel state information (ICSI). In this paper, we investigate an adaptive resource allocation and mode switching strategy (ARAMS) in D2D-enabled industrial small cell (SC) networks with ICSI to maximize the system throughput and address reuse interference for AGVs. The ARAMS scheme integrates mode switching (MS), channel-quality factor (CQF), and power control (PC) within a bi-phasic resource-sharing (RS) algorithm to lower the computational complexity. In the initial phase, the operational mode for each D2D user (DU) per cell is adaptively selected based on the channel gain ratio (CGR). Subsequently, it computes the CQF for each cell with a reuse DU to identify an optimal reuse partner. The final phase employs the Lagrangian dual decomposition method to decide the DU’s and industrial cellular users (CUs) optimum distributed power to maximize the system throughput under the interference constraints. The numerical results show that as channel estimation error variance (CEEV) increases, the ARAMS scheme consistently outperforms other approaches in maximizing system throughput, except for the AIMS scheme.Item AN ANALYSIS OF ALGEBRAIC PATTERN OF A FIRST ORDER AND AN EXTENDED SECOND ORDER RUNGE-KUTTA TYPE METHOD(Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, 2020) R. Muhammad,; Y. A. Yahaya; A.S. AbdulkareemThe algebraic pattern of a 6-Stage Block Hybrid Runge –Kutta Type Methods (BHRKTM) for the solution of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) is carefully analyzed. The analysis of the methods expressed in the Butcher Tableau led to the evolvement of two equations that satisfy the Runge – Kutta consistency conditions. The reason behind the uniform order and error constant for the developed first order and extended second order methods is explained using the theory of linear transformation and monomorphism. The pattern was retained during the transformation.Item An Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Tudun Fulani, Niger State, Nigeria(Sule Lamido University Journal of Science and Technology (SLUJST), 2020-12) Bisiriyu, Muhammad Taoheed; Ganiyu, Mustapha Adekomi; Audu, Lawal Idris; Abdullahi, AbdulHakam Safiu; Animashaun, Iyanda Murtalagroundwater is the main source of drinking water in Tudun Fulani community in Bosso, Niger State, Nigeria. Objective: this study was conducted to assess the physicochemical and heavy metal characteristics of groundwater used for drinking and other domestic purposes in the area with a view to determining its suitability for these purposes. Method: twelve water samples comprising of seven hand-dug wells and five boreholes were collected from different locations in the area. Physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), alkalinity, total hardness, chloride) and heavy metals (lead, manganese, copper and iron) contents were determined using standard methods. Results: the results showed that the pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, TSS, TS turbidity, alkalinity, total hardness and chloride ranged between 5.72 – 7.32, 252.5 – 1098 μS/cm, 58 – 11.35 mg/L, 0.001 – 0.108 mg/L, 1.05 – 7.33 NTU, 10.60 - 104.20 mg/L, 26.6 – 170.2 mg/L, and 28.17 – 86.9 mg/L, respectively. The heavy metal analysis revealed lead, manganese, copper, and iron to range between 0.001-0.009 mg/L, 0.01-0.28 mg/L, 0.010 - 0.050 mg/L and 0.100 – 0.430 mg/L, while manganese and lead were not detected in one and six of the samples, respectively. Conclusion: the values of the parameters analysed in this study were below and within the permissible limits set by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for most of the water samples investigated; hence, the groundwater is suitable for drinking and for other life-supporting activities. However, only four samples (W1,W5 W6, and W7) were within the range of 100 - 300 mg/L set by WHO for total hardness. In addition, the pH values of water samples W4, W5, B4, and B5 were below the recommended standard, while the electrical conductivity of W5, turbidity of W3, W5 and iron contents of W2 and W7 were above the maximum limit set by WHO. Therefore, it is recommended that the indiscriminate discharge of wastes be checked in locations of W2 and W7 as high iron content in drinking water poses serious health risks to consumers.Item An evaluation of mechanical properties and estimation of environmental reduction factors in welded API X70 steel pipeline in natural seawater(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023-06-20) Oyewole, Adedipe; Adulrahman, Bala Gambo; Joseph, Babalola Agboola; Kafayat Toyin, Obanimomo; Asipita, Salawu AbdulrahmanDue to the detrimental effect of damage induced by seawater in pipeline structures, there is a need to investigate the effects of natural seawater and air environments on mechanical properties of representative pipeline materials, to obtain useful data for estimation of their service lives. Hence, in this work, a X70 steel pipeline plate was welded using submerged arc welding technique; and subjected to air and natural seawater environments. Test specimens were soaked in seawater for twelve months at 28 °C. The parent plates, weld regions and the heat affected zones were investigated by evaluating their mechanical properties and fracture surfaces. The experimental findings revealed that the tensile strengths of parent and weld were 634.00 MPa and 674.00 MPa respectively, while the compressive stresses were 750.10 MPa and 750.40 MPa respectively with highest hardness value of 239HV. The findings also revealed that weld area and heat affected zone depend on material thickness, heat input and possible effect of residual stresses in the weldment. The fracture surfaces of test specimens showed combination of brittle and ductile failure mechanisms. Comparison of the test results revealed that seawater had significant effect on the mechanical properties and surface morphology of the API X70 steel pipeline with respect to immersion time.Item AN OPTIMIZED SINGLE-STEP BLOCK HYBRID NYSTRÖM-TYPE METHOD FOR SOLVING SECOND ORDER INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS OF BRATU-TYPE(African Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies, 2023-10-12) Ajinuhi J.O.; Mohammed U.; Enagi A.I.; JIMOH, OMANANYI RAZAQIn this paper, a global single-step implicit block hybrid Nyström-type method (BHNTM) for solving nonlinear second-order initial-boundary value problems of Bratu-type is developed. The mathematical derivation of the proposed BHNTM is based on the interpolation and multistep collocation techniques with power series polynomials as the trial function. Unlike previous approaches, BHNTM is applied without linearization or restrictive assumptions. The basic properties of the proposed method, such as zero stability, consistency and convergence are analysed. The numerical results from three test problems demonstrate its superiority over existing methods which emphasize the effectiveness and reliability in numerical simulations. Furthermore, as the step size decreases as seen in the test problems, the error drastically reduces, indicating BHNTM's precision. These findings underscore BHNTM's significance in numerical methods for solving differential equations, offering a more precise and dependable approach for addressing complex problems.Item An Order (K+5) Block Hybrid Backward Differentiation Formula for Solution of Fourth Order Ordinary Differential Equations(Çankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering, 2024) Raihanatu Muhammad; Hajara Hussaini; Abdulmalik OyedejiThis paper covers the derivation and implementation of the 4-step linear Multistep method of Block Hybrid Backward Differentiation Formula (BHBDF) for solving fourth-order initial value problems in ordinary differential equations. In the derivation of the proposed numerical method, the utilization of collocation and interpolation points was adopted with Legendre polynomials serving as the fundamental basis function. The 4-step BHBDF developed to solve fourth-order IVPs has a higher order of accuracy (p=9). Furthermore, the proposed numerical block methods are employed directly to solve fourth-order ODEs. In comparison to some existing methods examined in the prior studies, the proposed method has a robust implementation strategy and demonstrate a higher level of accuracy.