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Item The place User Study in Effective Library Administration(Ahmadu Bello University Press Limited, Zaria, 2024) M.A. SalubuyiItem Approximate Solution of SIR Infectious Disease Model Using Homotopy Pertubation Method (HPM).(Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2013-11-20) Abubakar, Samuel; Akinwande, N. I.; Jimoh, O. R.; Oguntolu, F. A.; Ogwumu, O. D.In this paper we proposed a SIR model for general infectious disease dynamics. The analytical solution is obtained using the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). We used the MATLAB computer software package to obtain the graphical profiles of the three compartments while varying some salient parameters. The analysis revealed that the efforts at eradication or reduction of disease prevalence must always match or even supersede the infection rate.Item Stability Analysis of Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) State of a Mathematical Model of Yellow Fever Incorporating Secondary Host(Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2017-11-20) Somma, Samuel Abu; Akinwande, N. I.; Jiya, M.; Abdulrahaman, S.In this paper we formulate a mathematical model of yellow fever incorporating secondary host. We obtained the Disease Free Equilibrium (DFE) Points and compute the basic reproduction number. The local and global stability of the DFE was analyzed using Jacobian Matrix stability techniques and Lyapunov function respectively. The local and global stability was asymptotically stable if 1 0 R and 1 0 R , respectively. The basic reproduction number and control parameters of the model were presented graphically.Item Semi-Analytical Solution for the Mathematical Modeling of Yellow Fever Dynamics Incorporating Secondary Host(Communication in Mathematical Modeling and Applications, 2019-04-15) Somma, Samuel Abu; Akinwande, N. I.; Abah, R. T.,; Oguntolu, F. A.; Ayegbusi, F. D.In this paper we use Differential Transformation Method (DTM) to solve the mathematical modeling of yellow fever dynamics incorporating secondary host. The DTM numerical solution was compared with the MAPLE RungeKutta 4-th order. The variable and parameter values used for analytical solution were estimated from the data obtained from World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The results obtained are in good agreement with Runge-Kutta. The solution was also presented graphically and gives better understanding of the model. The graphical solution showed that vaccination rate and recovery rate play a vital role in eradicating the yellow fever in a community.Item Modelling the impacts of media campaign and double dose vaccination in controlling COVID-19 in Nigeria(Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2023-08-16) Akinwande, N. I.; Somma, Samuel Abu; Olayiwola, R. O.; Ashezua, T. T.; Gweryina, R. I.; Oguntolu, F. A.Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a lethal disease that poses public health challenge in both developed and developing countries of the world. Owing to the recent ongoing clinical use of COVID-19 vaccines and noncompliance to COVID-19 health protocols, this study presents a deterministic model with an optimal control problem for assessing the community-level impact of media campaign and double-dose vaccination on the transmission and control of COVID-19. Detailed analysis of the model shows that, using the Lyapunov function theory and the theory of centre manifold, the dynamics of the model is determined essentially by the control reproduction number (𝑅𝑚𝑣). Consequently, the model undergoes the phenomenon of forward bifurcation in the absence of the double dose vaccination effects, where the global disease-free equilibrium is obtained whenever 𝑅𝑚𝑣 ≤ 1. Numerical simulations of the model using data relevant to the transmission dynamics of the disease in Nigeria, show that, certain values of the basic reproduction number ((𝑅0 ≥ 7)) may not prevent the spread of the pandemic even if 100% media compliance is achieved. Nevertheless, with assumed 75% (at 𝑅0 = 4)) media efficacy of double dose vaccination, the community herd immunity to the disease can be attained. Furthermore, Pontryagin’s maximum principle was used for the analysis of the optimized model by which necessary conditions for optimal controls were obtained. In addition, the optimal simulation results reveal that, for situations where the cost of implementing the controls (media campaign and double dose vaccination) considered in this study is low, allocating resources to media campaign-only strategy is more effective than allocating them to a firstdose vaccination strategy. More so, as expected, the combined media campaign-double dose vaccination strategy yields a higher population-level impact than the media campaign-only strategy, double-dose vaccination strategy or media campaign-first dose vaccination strategy.Item A 3-Person Non-Zero-Sum Game for Sachet Water Companies(Asian Research Journal of Mathematics, 2022-06-24) Nyor, N.; Muazu, M. I.; Somma Samuel AbuThe business of Sachet water (popularly called pure water) in Nigeria is often competitive due to the high demand for Sachet water by the populace. This is so because sachet water is the most affordable form of pure drinking water in Nigeria. As such, Sachet Water Firms that want to succeed in an ever increasing competitive market need to have the knowledge of Game Theory to identify which strategy will yield better profit independent of the strategy adopted by other competitors. This paper is aimed to investigate and determine the equilibrium point for three Sachet Water Firms using the Nash Equilibrium Method as it provides a systematic approach for deciding the best strategy in competitive situation. The result showed two Nash Equilibriums (promo, promo) and (stay-put, stay-put) with their respective payoffs of (82; 82; 82) and (147; 147; 147).Item Mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission dynamics incorporating booster vaccine program and environmental contamination(2022-12-10) Akinwande, N. I; Ashezua, T. T.; Gweryina, R. I.; Somma, Samuel Abu; Oguntolu, F. A.; A. UsmanCOVID-19 is one of the greatest human global health challenges that causes economic meltdown of many nations. In this study, we develop an SIR-type model which captures both human-to-human and environment-to-human-to-environment transmissions that allows the recruitment of corona viruses in the environment in the midst of booster vaccine program. Theoretically, we prove some basic properties of the full model as well as investigate the existence of SARS-CoV-2-free and endemic equilibria. The SARS-CoV-2-free equilibrium for the special case, where the constant inflow of corona virus into the environment by any other means, Ωis suspended (Ω =0)is globally asymptotically stable when the effective reproduction number 𝑅0𝑐<1and unstable if otherwise. Whereas in the presence of free-living Corona viruses in the environment (Ω >0), the endemic equilibrium using the centremanifold theory is shown to be stable globally whenever 𝑅0𝑐>1. The model is extended into optimal control system and analyzed analytically using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle. Results from the optimal control simulations show that strategy E for implementing the public health advocacy, booster vaccine program, treatment of isolated people and disinfecting or fumigating of surfaces and dead bodies before burial is the most effective control intervention for mitigating the spread of Corona virus. Importantly, based on the available data used, the study also revealed that if at least 70%of the constituents followed the aforementioned public health policies, then herd immunity could be achieved for COVID-19 pandemic in the community.Item THE ORDER AND ERROR CONSTANT OF A RUNGE-KUTTA TYPE METHOD FOR THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM(Federal University Dutsin MA Journal of Sciences (FJS), 2020-06) Muhammad RIn this paper, we examine in details how to obtain the order, error constant, consistency and convergence of a Runge-Kutta Type method (RKTM) when the step number 𝑘 = 2. Analysis of the order, error constant, consistency and convergence will help in determining an effective Runge- Kutta Method (RKM) to use. Due to the loss of linearity in Runge –Kutta Methods and the fact that the general Runge –Kutta Method makes no mention of the differential equation makes it impossible to define the order of the method independently of the differential equation.Item Library Personnel Commitment on Preservation Practice of Library Resources in Academic Libraries in Niger State,(A Publication of Depaprtment of Librarya and Information Science Maddona University 1 Madonna University Road P.M.B 05 Elele, Rivers State Nigeria., 2024-01-01) Abubakar, Fati, G.O. Alegbeleye and Owolabi, R .O.Library personnel commitment to preservation of library resources continue to decline despite many efforts by the library management to provide effective and efficient resources to the library users. This could be attributed to the poor attitude and lack of commitment exhibited by the library personnel to preservation practice of library resources in academic libraries. Few empirical work exists to support the commitment of library personnel to the preservations of library resources but it is not apparent that a study in Niger State, Nigeria as addressed the Library personnel commitment to preservation of library resources. This study examines commitment of library personnel on preservation of information resources in academic libraries in Niger State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. A total enumeration technique was used for selecting 387 academic librarian as respondents for the study. Questionnaire was used for data collection and was analysed using descriptive statistics. The finding revealed that the result shows a grand mean of (𝑥 = 2.88, SD =0.772) on a scale of 4-pointLikert-type scale. This implies that the librarians in Niger State practice preservation methods. However, there is still room for improvement on the methods of preservation as the threshold has not been reached. On the other hand, the result indicates a high level of commitment of library personnel to preservation practices in academic libraries in Niger State (𝑥 = 2.95, SD = 0.634) on a scale of 4-point Likert-type. Commitment of library personnel was divided into three dimensions namely affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. Library personnel commitment indicators: continuance commitment (β = 0.257, t(311) = 3.097, p < 0.05) positively and significantly influenced preservation practices of information resources, while affective commitment (β = 0.104, t(311)= 1.447, p > 0.05) and normative commitment (β = 0.030, t(311) = 0.361, p > 0.05).Item REVITALIZING ENTREPRENEURSHIP STUDIES IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION FOR JOB CREATION AND POVERTY ERADICATION IN NIGERIA(A PUBLICATION OF EBONYI STATE CHAPTER OF THE NIGERIAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION (NLA), 2021-06-18) ADAMU, MOHAMMED SABA (CLN, MNLA, CTN), DOGARA, LADAN (CLN), ABUBAKAR, FATI (CLN), AHMED, YABAGI (CLN)This paper examined revitalization of entrepreneurship studies in Library and Information Science (LIS) education for job creation and poverty eradication in Nigeria. Revitalization of entrepreneurship studies in LIS education that would be amenable to the profession is not only a necessity but mandatory if the prospective LIS graduates would be employers of labour rather than job seekers in a competitive 21st century. The introduction of entrepreneurship studies in Nigerian universities since 2004 is a laudable step despite the fact that facilities for skills acquisition are generally lacking in most institutions. In furtherance of this laudable intention, stakeholders in LIS have also seen the need for integrating entrepreneurship studies in LIS education which has recently led to the proposal for a course known as “Infopreneurship” to be included in LIS undergraduate education programme. Training of LIS students in entrepreneurship requires some skills such as information technology skills, information literacy skills, managerial skills and personal entrepreneurship skills. Opportunities for LIS professionals were also highlighted to include: book publishing, information brokerage, consultancy services, bookselling business, record management, indexing and abstracting services, system analyst, operation of business centres, cybercafé business, editorial services, authoring books, email publishing, web publishing, desktop publishing, establishing and maintaining libraries for organisations, compilation of directories, compilation of bibliographies etcetera. It is recommended that to make entrepreneurship studies attractive, government ought to create favourable environment in terms of infrastructure provision, funding and regulating interest rates on bank loans for interested graduates that would wish to be self-employed after graduation.