School of Physical Sciences (SPS)

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://197.211.34.35:4000/handle/123456789/48

School of Physical Sciences (SPS)

Browse

Author: search.filters.author.Festus Abiodun OguntoluStart date: 2024

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Mathematical model and analysis of the soil-transmitted helminth infections with optimal control
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-02) Festus Abiodun Oguntolu; Olumuyiwa James Peter; Abubakar Yusuf; B. I. Omede; G. Bolarin; T. A. Ayoola
    Soil-transmitted helminth diseases are highly prevalent in impoverished regions and pose a significant health burden on the global population. These diseases are primarily transmitted through the contamination of soil with human faces containing parasite eggs. This study presents a novel deterministic mathematical model to comprehensively investigate the dynamics of helminth infection transmission through the soil. The mathematical model exhibits two equilibrium points: the diseases-free equilibrium point (DFE) and the endemic equilibrium point (EEP). The DFE is proven to be locally and globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than one, indicating the potential for disease eradication. Conversely, the EEP is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number exceeds unity, representing a persistent endemic state. To explore effective intervention strategies for controlling the spread of these infections, optimal control theory is applied. The study incorporates two time-varying control variables derived from sensitivity analysis: the rate of hygiene consciousness in the susceptible class and the rate of hygiene consciousness in the infectious class. Numerical simulations demonstrate that implementing optimal control strategies can successfully curb and mitigate soil-transmitted helminth infections. Overall, this research highlights the importance of proactive and targeted interventions, emphasizing the significance of hygiene education and awareness campaigns. By implementing optimal control measures based on the proposed strategies, the burden of soil-transmitted helminth diseases can be significantly reduced, improving public health in affected regions.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Modeling tuberculosis dynamics with vaccination and treatment strategies
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-03-19) Olumuyiwa James Peter; Dipo Aldila; Tawakalt Abosede Ayoola; Ghaniyyat Bolanle Balogun; Festus Abiodun Oguntolu
    Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, worsened by the emergence of drug-resistant strains. The implementation of vaccination and observed treatment still becomes the most popular intervention in many countries. This study develops a mathematical model to analyze TB dynamics by considering the impact of integrated intervention vaccination and treatment strategy, and also taking into account the possibility of treatment failure and drug–resistant. The model constructed by dividing the population into six compartments: susceptible S, vaccinated V, latent L, active TB (I), drug-resistant TB Dr, and recovered R. Through a mathematical analysis of the dynamical properties of the proposed model, we demonstrated that the disease-free equilibrium point is always locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than one and unstable when it exceeds one. Moreover, the endemic equilibrium point is shown to exist uniquely only when the basic reproduction number is greater than one, and once it exists, it is always locally stable. For better visualization of the stability properties, we perform continuation simulations to generate a bifurcation diagram of our model, utilizing various bifurcation parameters. The Partial Rank Correlation Coefficient (PRCC) approach is used to carry out sensitivity analyses to determine the most sensitive parameters to the disease control. Simulation results show that increased vaccination rates efficiently reduce the susceptible population to increase the vaccinated population, decreasing disease transmission and lowering the burden of active and drug-resistant tuberculosis. Recovery rates after second-line treatment have a substantial impact on the dynamics of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Higher recovery rates result in faster rises in the recovered population and improved disease control. The findings emphasize the need for integrated measures, such as vaccination campaigns and enhanced treatment procedures, to reduce tuberculosis incidence, minimize drug resistance, and improve public health outcomes. These findings lay the groundwork for enhancing tuberculosis control programs, especially in countries with limited resources.