School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology (SIPET)

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School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology (SIPET)

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Start date: 2023

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 30
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    Development of Statistical Model For Predicting Flexible Pavement Deterioration Due To Traffic Loading
    (USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2024) Adamu, H. N.
    Flexible pavements are critical transportation components but are highly susceptible to deterioration caused by traffic loading, pavement conditions, and environmental factors. This study develops a predictive model to estimate pothole deterioration rates using traffic count and pavement structural strength. Data were collected from the Talba-Mandela road in Minna, Niger State Nigeria, over 14 weeks including weekly measurements of pothole volume, traffic counts and pavement structural numbers. A multiple linear regression model was calibrated, achieving a 𝑅² of 80.8%. Validation indicated less than 10% deviation between observed and predicted data. These findings provide a data-driven approach to optimizing pavement maintenance schedules, reducing costs, and improving road durability.
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    Environmental Effects of Road Construction Waste
    (USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2023) S. S. Kolo; H. S. Abdulrahman; D. N. Kolo; M. Shehu; H.N Adamu
    This research work investigates the various waste streams generated during road construction and their effect on environment. The method employed in this research work is categorized into waste type generated on construction site using reconnaissance surveys, data collection and data analysis methods. Four construction project sites in Minna, Nigeria, were used with the aim that these sites will provide a platform to acquire valuable data. It was discovered that mortar or concrete waste and wood waste has the highest percentage of 22% to 39% and asphalt has about 4 % waste and this was largest percentage of waste generated and this was mainly due to the human error, the use of inadequately trained and unskilled labour. The study however made case for adequate attention and concentration towards improving effective waste management by implementing proper waste management and disposal systems and encouraging the use of recycled materials in road construction. This will greatly reduce the cost of construction, increase efficiency, reduce work time and replenish the earths rapidly depleting natural resources used in construction like wood and bitumen.
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    Comparative study of BQ2557 and LTC3108 as efficient ultra-low bioelectricity harvesters from soil microbes using microbial fuel cells.
    (IEC, 2023-03-23) Simeon, Meshack Imologie; Mohammed, A. S; Freitag, R.
    Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are attractive bio-electrochemical transducers that can convert waste and organic substrates into usable energy through the metabolic activity of electroactive microbes. However, the power generated by MFCs is relatively low compared to other types of fuel cells. This poses a serious problem for the practical application of MFCs. Commercially available voltage boosters are not suitable for use with MFCs due to the low current capacity of the MFCs. Therefore, special amplifiers are needed to boost the power of MFCs. In this study, two ultra-low harvesters (BQ25570 and LTC 3108) were configured and tested for their efficiency in extracting usable energy from soil MFCs. The result showed that the BQ could harvest bioelectricity from three MFCs connected in series to charge a 0.22 F supercapacitor up to 3.5 volts, which in turn was used to power a light-emitting diode (LED). The LTC, on the other hand, boosted the voltage of a single MFC from 0.72 V to 3.3 V. The increased voltage was used directly to supply a white LED operating at a constant voltage of 2.5 V. The voltage at the LED remained constant even when the MFC voltage dropped to 20 mV. These results demonstrated the potential of soil microbes to generate free energy that can be harvested, amplified and used for practical applications. Compared to the BQ, the LTC performed better with the soil MFC, boosting the voltage of a single MFC unit to a usable level without the need for a battery or supercapacitor.
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    Performance Evaluation of Moringa oleifera as a Coagulant for Abattoir Wastewater Treatment
    (ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2024-04-30) Asogwa E.O; Adesiji A.R; Musa H; Odekunle M.O; Adeyemo G.B; Tanimu Y; Mangey J.A
    The public's health and surface water are adversely affected by the improper disposal of abattoir wastewater. In this study, 40 litres of abattoir effluent was treated for ten (10) weeks using raw, powdered Moringa oleifera seeds as a coagulant. Processed M. oleifera seeds in loading quantities of 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 g were used in a completely randomised design (CRD) for the treatment. There was also a control (abattoir effluent not treated with M. oleifera). Before and after treatment, the physical and chemical characteristics of abattoir wastewater were examined. The results demonstrated that the treatments significantly lowered the turbidity value, which fell from 15.40 mg/L to 7.63 mg/L for a 16 g dosage in week 7. For the 20 g treatment in the first week, total alkalinity decreased from 216.67 mg/L to the lowest value of 63.67 mg/L. An amount of 14 g of M. oleifera lowered both the total hardness from 116.33 mg/L to 78.40 mg/L and conductivity from 1395.7 mg/L to 520 mg/L within the first week of the experiment. From weeks 2 to 6, the biological oxygen demand (BOD) was discovered to be nil. For the 14 g treatment, the Calcium value decreased from 31.47 mg/L in the first week to 6.23 mg/L in the fifth week. The results generally demonstrated that 16 g/500 mL of M. oleifera was capable of treating abattoir effluent, confirming its capacity to coagulate for the treatment of such waste. The study's extract doses did not affect the colour or smell of the treated wastewater. The results have generally highlighted that the natural coagulants could be successfully used for the removal of turbidity, faecal bacteria and all unwanted concentrations of heavy metals including zinc from abattoir wastewater.
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    EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN AN UNCONFINED AQUIFER
    (ARID ZONE JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT, 2023-01-14) Asogwa E.O; Adesiji A.R; Jimoh O.D; Adeoye P.A; Odofin A.J; Mangey J.A; Odekunle O.M
    The use of fertilizer on soil to improve agricultural yield has been practiced for years. While fertilizers and manures greatly improve crop yield, it is also important to consider their corresponding and devastating effects. In this study, the fertilizers application rate was varied and their effects on groundwater quality with soil depths of 30 cm and 60 cm were observed. Two fabricated lysimeters were used to collect soil samples undisturbed and taken to the laboratory for analyses. The samples in the lysimeters were made saturated and varying quantities of fertilizers from 87.37 g, 100 g. and 120 g were applied. The saturation of the samples was done through an improvised rainfall simulator which was set up in such a way that a constant discharge was adopted. Water samples were collected at 30 cm and 60 cm depths and analyzed for fertilizer residues and physico-chemical characteristics such as temperature, pH, total chloride, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, free ammonia, total phosphate, urea, zinc and iron were also analysed. The results showed that the more the quantities of fertilizers applied on the soil, the more it affects the physico-chemical properties of the water and renders it toxic and unsuitable for drinking purposes except treated. The results, however revealed that the concentrations of the fertilizers in the groundwater decreases with soil depths. It is therefore recommended that any groundwater being explored for domestic use close to soil surface in areas prone to fertilizer pollution should be well treated before consumption, most especially for people using shallow wells.
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    Development of Aluminium Alloy (AA6061) Composites for Automobile Exhaust Pipe
    (Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Research, 2025) Ishola, A.A.; Abolarin, M.S.; Jiya, J,Y.; Obanimomo, K.T.
    This research addresses the limitations of aluminium alloy AA6061 in withstanding the harsh conditions of automotive exhaust systems. The study aims to develop a composite material with enhanced mechanical strength and corrosion resistance by reinforcing AA6061 with kaoline ore and masquerade leaves. Using the stir casting method, the alloy was combined with the reinforcements and cast into molds. The results revealed that the developed composites showed improved properties compared to the base alloy. Hardness increased from 95.4 HBW to 102.7 HBW, tensile strength rose to 270 N/mm², and yield strength to 240 N/mm². Corrosion resistance was significantly enhanced, with potential ranging from -300 mV to -550 mV, compared to -90 mV to -250 mV for the unreinforced alloy. Microstructural analyses confirmed uniform reinforcement distribution. The study recommends further optimization of reinforcement ratios and casting parameters to maximize performance for automotive
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    ANALYSIS OF ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF LATERITIC SOIL GEO-POLYMER COMPOSITE DEVELOPED AS A BARRIER IN A SANITARY LANDFILL
    (Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Research, 2024-07-29) Asogwa E.O; Adie D.B; Ibrahim F.B; Amadi A.A; Mangey J.A; Sabo B
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    ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE CONTAMINATED LATERITIC SOIL
    (Nigerian Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Research, 2023-04-29) Asogwa E.O; Sabo B; Agbonselobho M.O; Agbese E.O; Haruna S.I; Mangey J.A
    This research studied the physico-chemical characteristics of leachate contaminated soil. Leachate is known as an important source of environmental pollution, more especially groundwater, pollution due to the presence of organic and inorganic substances, including heavy metals. Leachate is a major problem for municipal solid waste landfills and causes significant threat to surface water and groundwater. Leachate is generated by excess rainwater passing through the waste body. The pollutants from the waste material are transferred to the percolating water by the combination of physical, chemical and microbial processes. Leachate is characterized as water-based solution of four groups of pollutants; dissolved organic matter, heavy metals, inorganic macro components, and xenobiotic organic compounds. The physio and bio-chemical analysis: BOD, COD, pH, EC, total hardness, nitrite, chloride, calcium and heavy metals such as Pb, Fe, Zn, and Cu were determined. From the results obtained, pH increases with increase in percentage contamination, from pH of 5 at 0% contamination to 5.62 at 100% contamination and cation exchange capacity also increased from an initial value of 187.613mg/lat 0% to 200.575mg/l at 100% contamination. These results show that the dumpsite has slight effects on the adjacent stream and underlying soil. Therefore, the implementation of a properly designed leachate collection system to prevent future risk of continuous contamination of the underlying soil and groundwater is important.
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    Performance evaluation and impedance spectroscopy of carbon-felt and reinforced stainless-steel mesh electrodes in terrestrial microbial fuel cells for biopower generation
    (Measurement: Energy-Elsevier, 2025-01-19) Simeon, Meshack Imologie; Amarachi C. Alaka; Peter Daniel; Olalekan David Adeniyi
    Terrestrial Microbial Fuel Cells (TMFCs) offer promising potential for renewable energy by harnessing microbial metabolism to generate electricity from soil-based organic matter. Electrode materials are key to TMFC performance, facilitating electron transfer between microbes and the circuit. However, the effect of electrode impedance on TMFC efficiency is not well understood. This study fills that gap by comparing surface-modified stainless-steel mesh (SMS) and carbon felt (CF) electrodes, focusing on performance metrics and impedance spectroscopy to optimize electrode design for improved power generation from TMFCs. The SMS electrode fabricated using the pasting and reinforcement process demonstrated superior performance with a maximum power of 859 μW compared to the 234 μW power of the CF electrode. This better performance of the SMS electrode was attributed to its pseudocapacitive behavior, enhancing internal charge storage capacity and overall MFC efficiency. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed a substantially higher charge transfer resistance in the CF electrode, resulting in a 190.8 % difference between the two electrodes. Conversely, the SMS electrode exhibited lower resistance and improved diffusion characteristics, facilitating efficient electron transfer and mass transport. These findings underscore the significance of tailored electrode materials in optimizing MFC performance and emphasize the utility of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in elucidating complex electrochemical processes within MFC systems, thus guiding future advancements in sustainable power production in terrestrial MFCs.
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    Adamu Hawa
    (USEP: Journal of Science and Engineering Production, 2023) kOLO, S. S.; Adeleke, O. O; Yusuf, I. T.; Abdulrahman H. S; Shehu, M.
    Five settlements in Minna, Niger State capital were examined to determine drivers` attitudes and behaviours regarding usage of seatbelts. Multiple data Collection methods consisting of semi-structured interviews to create questionnaire for an in-person survey for 100 drivers each, for five different locations that was used. The questions explored why Minna drivers used or do not use seatbelts and what they think would be the best interventions to increase the rate of seatbelt usage in Minna by drivers. The outcome of all the aforementioned were translated into charts and following outcome was obtained. The composition of gender, for the respondent are 87% male and 13% female, showing that, out of this number 33% are married while 64% are unmarried and 3% are divorced. The finding also showed that the most prevalent age of driver is between age 36 to age 45 and it is said to be the productive age. It was also discovered that majority of the driver interviewed are Nigerlite constituting 64% of those interviewed. It was also noted that, a driver is 87% safer when seat belt is used as compared to not using seatbelt of 37% safe when accident or crash happen. It was therefore advised that sustained radio and television advertisement be done to encourage the use of seatbelt in Northern Nigeria.