School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology (SIPET)

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School of Infrastructure Process Engineering and Technology (SIPET)

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    Dimensional Compliance and Compressive Strength of Sandcrete Hollow Blocks Produced in Minna Metropolis
    (International Engineering Conference (IEC 2017) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2017) Yusuf, Abdulazeez; Aminulai, H.O.; Abdullahi, A; Alhaji, B; Alalade, A.I.
    The study was carried out to investigate the level of dimensional compliance of commercially produced sandcrete blocks in Minna metropolis and also determine the compressive strength of collected block samples. One hundred and sixty (160), nine (9) inch hollow sandcrete block samples were collected from ten sandcrete block producing companies. Fine aggregate samples were collected from the hollow sandcrete block companies along with the hollow sandcrete blocks. Sieve analysis was carried out on the soil samples. Density, water absorption and dimension of the collected Sandcrete block samples were determined. Compressive strength at 7 and 14 days curing age was also determined. Results indicate that the fine aggregates used were not suitable for block making as the coefficient of uniformity of soil samples range from 0.71 – 1.89 while the coefficient of curvature lie within 2.57 to 4.80 which do not conform to standard. None of the Sandcrete block production company met the required standard dimension as specified by Nigeria Industrial standard (NIS). Test results also revealed that the water abortion capacity of all collected block samples were below 12% maximum recommended by NIS except for block industry M which recorded 12.08%. The density was between 1.59 g/cm3 – 5.05 g/cm3, greater than 1.5g/cm3 specified by NIS. The average compressive strength was between 0.21N/mm2 - 1.11N/mm2 at 14 days curing age which was less than 3.45 N/mm2 specified by NIS. It was recommended that block producing industries should be enforced by the standard organization of Nigeria to follow the recommended standard dimensions by carrying out routine check.
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    Comparative Assessment of Macroscopic Traffic Flow Properties Estimation Methods: A Case for Moving Car Observer Method
    (ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL, 2017) Abdulrahman, H. S.; Almusawi, A. A.; Abubakar, Mahmud
    Different methods of estimating macroscopic traffic properties is expected to have varying results even when they are carried out on the same road and during the same time interval. A comparative assessment was carried out between traffic data collected at a point and that collected over a short section; Moving car observer method(MCO). Student’s t-test was used to evaluate both data and it was observed that there was no significant difference between them. The MCO method correlates well with conventional data collection method and it can be used as a substitute for it, assuming conventional data collection method is true
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    Comparison of Drying Shrinkage Models of IOT Concrete
    (2nd International Engineering Conference (IEC 2017) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2017) Oritola, S. F.; Saleh, A. L.; Mohd Sam, A. R.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Alhaji, B.
    Problems associated with drying shrinkage of concrete is still a major source of concern in the construction industry. Due to the hygral nature of concrete, particularly the instability of the volume as a result of drying shrinkage, concrete will crack at any stage during its service life. The depletion of the environment due to huge consumption of sand for construction is another major problem. Iron ore tailings (IOT), an industrial waste, generated during the production of iron ore is utilized in concrete to lessen the environmental problems. The iron ore tailings was sourced from a local iron ore producing mine and the material was used as partial replacement for sand to produce normal weight concrete. The drying shrinkage of this concrete was compared with that of the control normal weight concrete. The ultimate drying shrinkage of the concrete samples were further studied, using three prediction models. The inclusion of iron ore tailings as fine aggregate in concrete contributed to reduction of the drying shrinkage recorded at 28, 56 and 90 days as well as the ultimate drying shrinkage. The drying shrinkage of concrete and the predicted ultimate drying shrinkage recorded by the B3 and GL2000 models agreed more closely, as compared with the recorded values obtained using ACI209R model.
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    Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete Production
    (3rd Biennial Engineering Conference, Federal University of Technology, Minna, May, 2013, 2013) Abdullahi, A.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Afolayan, A.
    The rising costs of building construction in developing countries have been a source of concern to government and private developers. This study investigated the use of sawdust as partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete production. Sawdust was used to replace fine aggregates from 0% to 50% in steps of 10%. Concrete cubes measuring 150 x 150 x 150mm were cast and their compressive strengths evaluated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Increase in percentage of sawdust in concrete cubes led to a corresponding reduction in compressive strength values. From the results, the optimum sawdust content was obtained at 10% and its corresponding compressive strength at 28 days is 7.41 N/mm2 which falls within the characteristic strength of plain concrete (7 – 10 N/mm2). This concrete cannot be used for structural applications.
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    Assessment of the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced with Fine Aggregate from Different Locations in Minna
    (3rd International Engineering Conference (IEC 2019) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2019) Aminulai, H. O.; Abdullahi, A.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Abdulrahman, H. S.; Alhaji, B.; Joseph, O. F; Aliyu, S. Y
    The construction industry in Nigeria has been witnessing serious collapse of buildings resulting from the qualities of materials used in their construction. This continuous collapse necessitates the need to investigate some of the materials used in the production of the building components in order to ascertain their appropriateness. This research thus investigates the compressive strength of concrete produced using fine aggregate from different locations in Minna. Fine aggregates were obtained from Chanchaga, Maikunkele, Bosso, Lapai Gwari and Garatu areas of Minna and subjected to series of tests namely: sieve analysis, Specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, and water absorption. Concrete samples were produced using the mix ratio 1:2:4 and the water/cement ratio of 0.6. These samples were subjected to both the slump test and compressive strength test. For each of the fine aggregates, nine cubes of concrete (150mm x 150mm x 150mm) were cast, cured and tested at 7, 14 and 28 days. The results obtained for the mean compressive strength of the concrete produced shows that they all have mean strength greater than 20N/mm2 with fine aggregate from Chanchage having the highest mean of 25.17N/mm2 at 28days of curing. Thus all the fine aggregates could be used in the production of structural lightweight concrete but for structures that require higher strength, the fine aggregate from Chanchaga is recommended
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    Development of an Android Based Mobile Application for Design and Detailing of Pad Foundations to BS8110
    (Epistemics in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2017) Yusuf, A.; Aminulai, H. O.; Abdullahi, A.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Alhaji, B.
    Many innovative computer software have been developed to perform the task of designing and detailing structural elements such as beams, columns, slabs and foundations. This design and detailing can be done using mobile devices but software developed to operate on such devices have not been fully developed. However, this research is aimed at developing an android based mobile application for the design of pad foundations to Bs8110. The mobile application developed designs isolated axially loaded-only; axially loaded with moment pad footings as well as combined pad footings. The mobile application developed was tested using three typical test parameters and results compared to the manual computations. There was no significant variation in the steel sections required and provided for the manual design and that generated by the mobile application. The steel required by manual design for the axially loaded pad footing was 835mm2/m and that generated by the application was 837.2mm2/m. That of the axially loaded with moment gave required steel section as 1019mm2/m using manual design. This android based mobile application would thus give the structural engineer the leverage to design pad footings anywhere and anytime.
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    Investigation of headway distribution of traffic dominated by motorcycles
    (8th Advanced Engineering Days (AED) – 8 December 2023 – Mersin, Türkiye, 2023) Abdulrahman, H. S.; Kolo, S. S.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Shehu, M.
    The use of lower class vehicles such as two or three wheelers have become the preferred urban transport in some developing countries. However, most of the traffic theories adopted are from developed countries where cars are prevalent. The headway probability distribution models can be used to describe vehicle-to-vehicle interactions. Most of these distributions are parametric and makes an underlining assumption about the data. A case study was conducted to investigate the performance of the different probability distributions that best describes the vehicle to vehicle interaction of motorcycle dominated road in Bida, Niger state Nigeria. The different parametric distributions and non-parametric distribution (Kernel) of the data were tested for the goodness-of-fit. The test results indicate that the kernel distribution fits best with improved P-values which in turn gives a better description for the headways than other distribution models considered. This study can serve as a foundation for developing generalized headway models in developing countries
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    Effectiveness of Locust Bean Epicarp Extract on Re-vibrated Concrete Using Pebbles from Bida Environs as Coarse Aggregate
    (Sustainable Education and Development—Clean Energy Proceedings of the Applied Research Conference in Africa (ARCA), 2023, 2023) Abbas, Bala Alhaji; Mohammed, Tahir Abdul,; Yusuf, Abdulazeez; Kolo, Daniel Ndakuta; Abubakar, Mahmud; Abdullahi, Aliyu
    In this research, the effect of re-vibrated concrete using locust bean epicarp extract and Bida natural stone (Pebbles) as coarse aggregate was presented. Design/Methodology/Approach: The concrete mix of 1:2:4 and water cement ratio of 0.5 was adopted respectively. One hundred and sixty-eight (168) concrete cubes were produced in six (6) batches, 28 cubes were produced for control (mix A = 0% LBEE + 100% OPC) and 28 for (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) cement reduction respectively. Findings: The results of preliminary test of the aggregates indicate that they are suitable for concrete production and the chemical analysis of LBEE showed that it is a very good pozzolana. Concrete cubes were cast with re vibration time lag intervals of 10 min for the period of 60 min re-vibration process and cured for 7 and 28 days. The result shows that introduction of LBEE improve the compressive strength of concrete. The result obtained also shows that there is increase in compressive strength with the increase in re-vibration time lag of LBEE concrete, hence the maximum compressive strength was obtained at 60 min for all batches. The maximum compressive strength obtained at 28 days curing was 35.70 N/mm2 for B (0% cement reduction) at 60% re-vibration which is higher than 34.0 N/mm2 for control mix A. The optimum cement reduction of concrete made incor porating LBEE without re-vibration and the one with re-vibration is 5% and 20% respectively. Practical Implications: This types of concrete can be used for struc tural application such as in the construction of reinforced concrete slabs, beams, columns and foundations. Social Implications: In order to provide adequate housing for over increasing population of people in Bida and Environs the use of Locust Bean Epicarp Extract on Re-vibrated Concrete Using Pebbles from Bida as coarse aggre gate should be encouraged by individuals and government at all levels. This will also lead to reduction in construction cost of houses in Nigeria and create employment to the rural dwellers where locust bean trees are grown. Originality and Value:This study contributed to the pool of knowledge on how Locust Bean Epicarp Extract and concrete Re-vibration has improved the strength of concrete. Thus 20% and 5% is recommended as the optimum cement reduction of concrete made incorporating LBEE with re-vibration and the one without re-vibration respectively.
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    Quality Assessment of Commercial Sandcrete Blocks in Minna Metropolis, Niger State
    (Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2022) Abubakar, Mahmud; Omotoriogun, Victor
    The spate of building collapse across the country over the years has raised questions about the quality of building materials and the need to investigate their suitability for construction. Sandcrete blocks are of interest been the most popular masonry unit widely employed in construction of walling units for building structures, hoardings of construction sites and foundations, in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to assess the quality of commercial Sandcrete blocks produced in Minna metropolis, Niger State, for compliance with existing standards: Nigerian Industrial Standard and Nigerian Building Code. The research was appraised through field surveys methods, sampling and laboratory experiments conducted on sixteen (16) selected block factories in Minna metropolis. A total of eighty (80) nine-inch blocks, five (5) each, were sampled from each factory and subjected to dimensional checks, water absorption and compressive strength tests. The results obtained from the laboratory experiments showed that the dimension, compressive strength and water absorption capacity of the sampled blocks were below standard specifications. The highlight of the field survey carried out showed discrepancies in the mix proportioning, curing practices and age of blocks utilized in the factories against those of the standards. Consequently, it was recommended that blocks produced in Minna should never be used for load bearing walls.
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    Durability of Sun Dried Clay Bricks Admixed with Cow Cone ash for Sustainable Development
    (USEP: Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering, 2022) Abubakar, Mahmud; Abdullahi, Hashim; Yabagi, Maikudi Sani; Adamu, Hawawu Nana
    Housing has remained a major challenge in Nigeria because of the increasing population and cost of building materials. To tackle the problem of housing deficit in the country, the government of Nigeria for some time now has been clamoring for the use of local materials in the construction industry to limit costs of construction. Thus, this paper looks at the potential of using cow bone ash (CBA) to improve the durability of sun dried clay brick for sustainable development. Consistency properties, shrinkage, compressive strength and crack behavior of clay-cow-bone ash bricks were investigated in accordance with relevant codes and standards. It was however observed that, consistency properties and shrinkage decreased with increased percentage cow-bone ash addition while compressive strength and crack improved up to 10% CBA addition indicating that buildings made of clay-CBA composite could be more stable and durable than the ones made from clay alone. It is therefore recommended that Cow-bone ash can be used to improve the durability of clay brick at optimum addition level of 10%. Clay brick admixed with cow bone ash strongly contributes to the attainment of 12 out of the 17 sustainable development goals.