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A TWO POINT BLOCK HYBRID METHOD FOR SOLVING STIFF INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS
(JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, 2011) Muhammad R
In this paper, a self starting hybrid method of order (3, 3,3) is proposed for the solution of stiff initial value problem of the form y' = f(x.y). The continous formation of the integrator enables us to differentiate and evaluate at grid and off grid points. The schemes compared favourably with exact results and results from Okunuga (2008)
Delaying transition in a Blasius boundary layer with finite compliant panels
(Fourth International Symposium on Bifurcations and Instabilities in Fluid Dynamics (BIFD),, 2011-07-18) Bori Ige; Zhao, .X.; Yeo, .K. S.
Compliant surfaces have been shown to be a promising passive control measure for controlling and delaying boundary layer transition in various theoretical studies [1-2]. In this paper, we report on a recent study we have done on the evolution of pulse-initiated disturbance wavepackets over one or more finite-length compliant panels. The broadband nature of a wavepacket offers a central advantage in permitting natural selection of most dominant waves to operate through the sum of its growth processes. This may be helpful in identifying the critical waves and key processes that are involved at the various stages in natural transition. The initiation, evolution and final breakdown of wavepackets into the incipient turbulent spots in a Blasius boundary layer was modelled by Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) briefly described in [3]. The comparative evolution and transition performance of three cases are discussed here, namely the rigid-wall case, a single-panel wall and a two-panel wall. In all cases, a fixed vertical-directed delta pulse of small amplitude was initiated at the point x /  349.4, where   2.3182103m is the displacement thickness of the boundary layer at the initiation point. The evolution and breakdown of the wavepacket in a Blasius boundary layer on a rigid wall has already been reported in [3]. For the single-panel case, a finite section of the wall from x /  450 to 762 was replaced by a tensioned membrane on a viscoelastic foundation, whose properties were designed to inhibit the development of compliant-wall modes. The simulation results showed that, the upstream intervention by the finite compliant panel effectively delayed the onset of the incipient turbulent spot by a distance of about 100 cm ( x /  430). This represents an approximately 30% increase in the transition distance measured from the point of wavepacket initiation. Spectral study indicated that the relatively short membrane panel was able to effectively attenuate the primary 2-D Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) wave mode so that resultant wavepacket after the panel was dominated by a pair of oblique waves. Subharmonic secondary instabilities [4-5], which are responsible for nonlinear disturbance wave amplification on a rigid wall, were thus inhibited by the absence or near absence of the 2-D TS wave mode. Staggered Λ-structures and streamwise streaky structures similar to those found in the rigid wall case were observed for the single-panel case, but much further downstream. A second tensioned membrane panel of the same length was added at x /  1359-1658 to form the two-panel case. The last stage of the present simulation shows the wavepacket arriving the location x /  2000 in a perfectly laminar form ( max | u | /U 0.05   ) – this already represents an increase in transition distance of about 50% over the corresponding rigid-wall case. The eventual breakdown location will be further downstream as the wavepacket has not displayed the usual structural features that signify imminent breakdown. This study has shown the efficacy of short compliant panel(s) in controlling and delaying transition.
Delaying transition further with the aid of a short compliant panel in a Blasius boundary layer flow
(The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM), Fluid Mechanics Division Conference, Guilin, China., 2012-11-12) Bori Ige; Yeo, .K. S.; Dou, .H-S.; Zhao, .X.
The cost of fuelling especially for those in the transport industries could be reduced drastically if there is a means of reducing drag force over their vehicles while in motion. One way to overcome this is to use compliant (membrane) surface; a passive control means which has been proved in various theoretical studies as a promising tool in delaying transition further. In this paper, following the earlier work done on flow over rigid wall within a Blasius boundary layer, we account for the current study carried out on the evolution of pulse-initiated disturbance wavepackets over a finite-length compliant panel by direct numerical simulation (DNS) method. For the single-panel case, a finite section of the wall from X = x/δ0 = 450 -762, was replaced by a tensioned membrane on a viscoelastic foundation, whose properties were designed to inhibit the development of compliant-wall modes. Where δ0 is the displacement thickness at the perturbation location. A small amplitude vertical initiating delta pulse was introduced from the wall streamwise location X0 = 349.4 (x0 = 81cm), and study in detail both spatially and spectrally how the wavepackets generated evolve from the initiating point to the breakdown location over a Blasius boundary layer. The simulation results showed that, the upstream intervention by the finite compliant panel effectively delayed the onset of the incipient turbulent spot by a further distance of Δx = 550, when compared with the rigid wall case results that earlier broke down at X = 1420. This represents an approximately 51% increase in the transition distance measured from the point of wavepacket initiation. Spectral study indicated that the relatively short compliant panel was able to effectively weaken the primary 2-D Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) wave mode, thereby extending the linear regime, so that resultant wavepacket after the panel is dominated by two oblique wave modes and this is the effective strategy of transition delay.
Evolution of wavepacket over short compliant panels in a Blasius boundary layer
(American Physical Society (APS), 65th Annual Meeting Division of Fluid Dynamics (DFD), 2012-11-18) Bori Ige; Yeo, .K. S.; Dou, .H-S.
Compliant surface has been proved in various theoretical studies as a promising tool in delaying transition. This study concerns our recent work carried on the evolution of pulse-initiated disturbance wavepackets over finite-length compliant panels in a Blasius boundary layer by direct numerical simulation (DNS) method. A finite section of the wall was replaced by a tensioned membrane on a damped foundation. By comparing with the rigid wall case, the upstream intervention by a finite compliant panel was found to effectively delay the onset of the incipient turbulent spot – an increase of about 40% in the transition distance with respect to the initiation point was obtained. Transition distance to the occurrence of the incipient turbulent spot was increased further to about 75% relative to a rigid wall when a second compliant panel was introduced. Spectral analysis shows the important role of the fundamental 2D modes in wavepacket evolution and the roles played by compliant panels in transition delay.
Wealth Creation for the Nigerian Youths and Sustainable National Economic Development in Nigeria through Entrepreneurship and Information and Communication Technology
(The Humanities Complex, A.B.U. Zaria. Nigeria, 2012-11-19) IKyembe, Princess; Akuso, Afiniki; Goshie, Rhoda Wusa
Wealth Creation for the Nigerian Youths and Sustainable National Economic Development in Nigeria through Entrepreneurship and Information and Communication Technology As Nigeria marks her fifty-two years of independence, ‘ this giant of Africa’ with a population of over 140 million, is blessed with abundant mineral, material, human, and financial resources. With many of these resources yet untapped, there are numerous challenges confronting the nation which include abject poverty, low standard of living, low rate of economic growth, corruption, insecurity, unemployment, over- dependence on petroleum products and foreign goods and inadequate power supply, among others. The present state of insecurity and incidence of petty and serious crimes in the country has direct bearing on the issue of unemployment among the youths in Nigeria. In order to tackle these problems, certain programs and policies have been adopted by successive governments. These include National Economic Empowerment Development Strategies (NEEDS), Nigeria Bank for Commerce and Industries (NBC), National Directorate of Employment( NDE), National Economic Reconstruction Fund( NERFUND), Poverty Eradication Program, Small- Scale Industry Scheme (SSIS), Structural Adjustment Program (SAP). Operation Feed the Nation (OFN), Green Revolution (GR), State Economic Empowerment Development Strategy (SEED), Local Empowerment Development Strategy (LEEDS), Centre for Entrepreneurship Development (CED), and Youth Enterprise with Innovation in Nigeria (YouWin), among others. This paper therefore examines the role of Entrepreneurship and Information and Communication Technology in wealth creation for the Nigeria youths towards enhancing a sustainable national economic development. Entrepreneurship and Information and Communication Technology can provide a platform for inculcating the necessary skills, innovative abilities and creative capabilities in youths which should prepare them to function well in business and become self- reliant and employers of labor. The paper therefore recommends that government should create enabling environment for foreign investment, transform agricultural sector, provide adequate power supply, encourage indigenous entrepreneurs to expand their markets in order to employ youths, revive textiles and other manufacturing industries and strengthen the existing ones’ and also take proactive measures on the issues of insecurity as well as provide affordable ICT infrastructural facilities to run business centre. If these are properly put in place, the paper stresses an affordable and enabling environment would have been created for both the indigenous and foreign investors to make Nigeria their destination thereby creating more jobs for the teeming youths.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Networks of Three Nigerian Federal Universities for Effective Library Services
(Ghana Library Journal, Ghana, 2013) Abduldayan, F.J.; Oluwade, B.; Oyedum, G.U.
This paper is a comparative evaluation of the networks of three Nigerian federal universities and how such networks can be used to enhance library services. The university networks included in this study are the Federal University of Technology Minna Network (FUTMINNet), University of Jos Network (UNIJOSNet) and University of Lagos Network (UNILAGNet). University of Minna (FUTMIN), established in the 1980s, belongs to the third generation of Nigerian universities; University of Jos (UNIJOS) (established in the 1970s) belongs to the second generation, while University of Lagos (UNILAG) (which was established in the 1960s) belongs to the first generation. Both FUTMIN and UNIJOS are located in North Central geo-political zone of Nigeria while UNILAG is located in the South West zone. The research design employed was the survey method (involving the use of questionnaire, interview, and direct observation) to study the wired and wireless connectivity of the networks of the three universities and compare them against criteria such as network speed, bandwidth, latency, and user response. Structured and semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the network users of each of the three universities, giving a total of 300 questionnaires for the study. The result of the study shows that UNIJOSNet is the fastest while in terms of the wired service, UNILAGNet is the fastest. FUTMINNet is not performing well compared with the UNIJOSNet and UNILAGNet, or not satisfying its users at a satisfactory level. Wireless services of UNIJOSNet and UNILAGNet, which in turn affects the quality of library services offered to users. Wireless services of FUTMINNet do not adequately meet the expectations of users of library services. The paper recommends that the library network services of UNILAGNet has the best performance, while FUTMINNet needs the most improvement. Finally, universities need to enhance their wireless networks by upgrading and expanding the network components and infrastructures of all the networks, especially FUTMINNet.
Event Reconstruction by Digital Filtering
(Horizon Research Publishing. Advances in Signal Processing, 2013) O. A. Olugboji; J. Y. Jiya; J. M. Hale
This work deals with a digital filtering technique that was developed to reconstruct a pulse after it has propagated along a pipe; a complex pulse that is progressively distorted. The technique developed makes use of the theory of digital filtering used in communications to remove distortion in long telephone links.
Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete Production
(3rd Biennial Engineering Conference, Federal University of Technology, Minna, May, 2013, 2013) Abdullahi, A.; Abubakar, Mahmud; Afolayan, A.
The rising costs of building construction in developing countries have been a source of concern to government and private developers. This study investigated the use of sawdust as partial replacement for fine aggregates in concrete production. Sawdust was used to replace fine aggregates from 0% to 50% in steps of 10%. Concrete cubes measuring 150 x 150 x 150mm were cast and their compressive strengths evaluated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Increase in percentage of sawdust in concrete cubes led to a corresponding reduction in compressive strength values. From the results, the optimum sawdust content was obtained at 10% and its corresponding compressive strength at 28 days is 7.41 N/mm2 which falls within the characteristic strength of plain concrete (7 – 10 N/mm2). This concrete cannot be used for structural applications.
Evaluation of Amino Acids in the Milk Preparations from Tiger Nut Rhizome and Its Mixed Varieties
(IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS), 2013-10) Salau, Rasaq Bolakale; Aminu, Muhammad; Bisiriyu, M. T; Bamidele, K. G; Bishir, Usman
The amino acid composition of yellow and brown tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) milk preparations and their mixtures were studied. The mixed variety was prepared by mixing equal proportions of the two varieties. The milk preparation was obtained by blending and subsequent expression of the milk.. Protein analysis started with the hydrolysis of the milk preparation with HCl for 23hrs, and the resulting amino acids were quantified with amino acid analyser (Technicom TSM-1). The % nitrogen for the yellow, Brown and the mixture are 3.72, 3.24 and 2.22, respectively. Arginine has the highest value of 15.87, 16.22 and 19.20 g/100g respectively conferring the same order of amino acid basicity. Methionine and tyrosine are the lowest (0.60 and 0.63, 0.68 and 0.48, 0.49 and 0.48 g/100g protein) respectively. Tryptophan is not prominently associated with the myriad of essential amino acids of tiger nut milk. It was not detectable in any of the varieties. The overall result of the study showed that tiger nut milk is a rich source of protein. It can also be consumed as a valuable substitute for conventional cow's milk and other known milk sources. The milk prepared from the mixed variety exhibited a synergistic effect as it combined some beneficial amino acids that either of the two varieties lacks.
Evaluation of Sectoral Implementation of the Nigerian National IT Policy
(Social Science Research Network, USA,, 2014) Olatokun, W.M.; Abduldayan, F.J.
The Nigerian National IT policy (USE IT) was formulated in March 2001 with sixteen sectoral application areas and the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) was established as the implementation agency. Out of these sixteen sectoral applications, this study sought to determine the extent of implementation of t he policy in six sectors - health, agriculture, urban and rural development, arts, culture and tourism, national security and law enforcement as well as research and development. Ministries and agencies relevant to each sector were studied and the extent of implementation of the IT policy was evaluated. The study also assessed the newly drafted national ICT Policy to determine whether areas in the current national 11 policy that are yet to be satisfactorily implemented have been taken care of. The implementation of the national 11 policy in health, agriculture, Nigeria Police Force as well as in the research and development sector was adjudged very satisfactory, that of urban and rural development and Nigeria Immigration Service was seen as average; while it was adjudged unsatisfactory in Arts. Culture and Tourism sector. A review of the newly drafted national ICT policy revealed that some of the identified gaps in the current national IT policy had been incorporated to some extent while recommendations were made tor the other areas.
Design and Fabrication of Rice De-Stoning Machine
(Food Science and Technology, 2014) O. A. Olugboji; J. Y. Jiya
This work aims at meeting the ever increasing demands of quality rice, avoiding losses and improving the income of local farmers. Mild steel was used in the construction of the machine. Standard equations were used to determine the dimension of the parts. The machine is driven by a 1Hp electric motor with 688.17 W required power. The machine has a capacity of 47.39 Kg/hr and an efficiency of 82.47 %
Modelling Surface Runoff and Mapping Flood Vulnerability of Lagos State from Digital Elevation Model
(FIG Congress 2014 Engaging the Challenges – Enhancing the Relevance Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 16-21 June 2014, 2014-06) Olayemi Joseph ODUMOSU, Oluibukun Gbenga AJAYI and Ekundayo ADESINA
Flooding in recent times has become a critically problematic phenomenon of spatio-temporal order and considerably high frequency of occurrence all over the world, and most especially in coastal nations/states. Lagos State, one of the nine (9) Coastal States of Nigeria, has witnessed and is still witnessing multivariate cases of flooding which attains its peak in the rainy seasons (April-October) of every year resulting in loss of life and economic valuables/properties. To curb this menace, an integrated solution (combination of empirical hydrological models with remote sensing and GIS capacity) is thus presented herein using a downloaded Digital Elevation Model of the study area to delineate watersheds, flow direction, contributing areas, and flow path/Channel. Also, surface runoff was simulated for an eight-hour homogeneous rainfall, and the resulting gauge readings from eleven (11) fictitious gauge stations distributed across the state were obtained. The study was able to produce a map categorising Lagos state into three (3) zones based on their vulnerability to flood. The Quantum GIS software was used for the analysis and simulation.
Path coefficient analysis of body weight and body measurements in Red Sokoto goats (Caprahircus l.) of Niger State, Nigeria
(Revue Agriculture, 2014-06-30) Egena, S.S.A.; Tsado, D.N.; Kolo, P. S.; Banjo, A. A.; Shehu-Adisa, M.
Path coefficient analysis,Red Sokoto goat, body weight, linear body measurements, indigenous goats, regression, correlation. Indigenous Red Sokoto goats raised under extensive system of management were used to evaluate the relationship between body weight (BW), head length (HL), head width (HW), height at withers (HAW), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG), shin circumference (SC) and body length (BL). The objective of the study was to assess variability among body weight and its related characters using path coefficient analysis. Pair wise correlation between body weight and linear body measurements were positive and mostly significant (r= 0.053 - 0.826 in males; -0.020 - 0.667 in females and 0.072 – 0.690 in the combined population; P<0.05, 0.01). Path analysis showed that chest depth, shin circumference and body length made the greatest direct effect on body weight in male, female and the combined population (path coefficient = 0.360, 0.341 and 0.322, respectively) while the least direct effect was observed for height at withers, chest depth and height at withers in the male, female and the combined population (path coefficient = -0.019, -0.104 and -0.001 respectively). The optimum linear regression model with a coefficient of determination (R2 ) value of 0.684, 0.635 and 0.628 included forecast indices such as chest depth and body length in the male, head length, height at withers, chest depth, chest girth, shin circumference and body length in the female and head length, head width, chest girth, shin circumference and body length in the combined population. The optimum regression equations could be used in predicting body weight of indigenous goats in the field and for selection purposes.
The influence of Social Media on User Services in Academic Libraries. A case study
(2014-11-26) M.A. Salubuyi; P.U. Akor
The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of social media on user services in Federal University of Technology, Minna. the paper discussed social cyber space where users access, communicate and contribute to the existing knowledge.
Undergraduate Students’ Use of E-Resources in University Libraries in Niger State
(Benue Journal of Library, Management and Information Science (BJLMIS), Makurdi, 2015) Oyedum, G.U; Chukwu, P.; Abduldayan, F.J.; Abedoh, G.O.
Effective use of e-resources in university libraries is necessary for the academic development of students. This paper, therefore, assessed the relative effect of the available e-resources on undergraduate students' use of university libraries in Niger State. The study also ascertained the e-resources that made the greatest contribution to students' use of the libraries. A survey research design was used for the study, and the study population was 130 undergraduate students from Federal University of Technology, Minna, and Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai. The main instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The two libraries, as the study revealed, mainly subscribe to Science Direct for accessibility of e-resources. The study revealed that e-resources such as e-journals, bibliographic databases, e-books, e-databases, e-newspapers, and e-magazines, among others, were available in the university libraries studied. The study also revealed that, of all the available e-resources considered together, e-journals and bibliographic databases made the greatest contributions, which are significant to undergraduate students' use of the university libraries. To enhance the level of use of e-resources and the entire libraries by undergraduate students, the majority of the students indicated the need for the provision of stable network services, followed by an alternative power supply system and the provision of a regulatory body to govern the use of e-resources in the libraries.
Factors Influencing Attitude of Teacher Librarians Toward Information Technology in Kaduna State
(Ahmadu Bello University Library Complex, A.B.U. Zaria. Nigeria, 2015) Gwari, Williams Habiba; Esew, Micheal; Goshie, Rhoda Wusa; Jimada, Aisha
The study aimed at examining the factors that influence the attitude of teacher librarians toward information technology in Kaduna State Secondary Schools. Survey research method was adopted. The study population comprises all the five hundred and four (504) schools. Out of this population two hundred and sixty- four (264) was used as sample size for the study. Questionnaire was the instruments used for data collection. The data collected were presented and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found that teacher librarians have positive attitude toward information technology as shown from the respondents who opined that information technology can enhance student learning. The study also found that the possible constraints which tend to have unanimous consensus among the respondents were inadequate trainings on the job, lack of access to technology, poor infrastructure/ social facilities and the epileptic power supply which adversely limit use of the technologies in secondary schools. The inferential analysis showed that the constraints to information technology usage in the secondary schools are positively correlated with the attitude of the teacher librarians towards the information technology use for teaching and learning in the schools. The study concluded that inadequacy of information technology resources, lack of confidence, anxiety, inadequate training, and lack of access to technology, poor infrastructure/ social facilities and epileptic power supply were some of the constraints that significantly influence the teacher librarians’ attitude towards information technology usage in the schools.
Design, Fabrication and Testing Of a Motorized Paper Perforation Machine
(International Journal of scientific research and management (IJSRM), 2015) J. Y. Jiya; M. S. Abolarin; O. A. Olugboji; R. I. Ngoffia; C. K. Ajani
This is concern with design and fabrication of a powered paper perforating machine with efficiency and less cost for bindery department in printing industries. It is a machine that will compete favorably with the manually operated ones and reduce human efforts with minimum time consumption. It perforates up to 15 sheets of paper at each stroke and is powered by a horse power electric motor whose rotational motion is converted to a reciprocating motion in the perforation pin by the principle of eccentricity.
Application of Inverse method to Reconstruct the form of Pulse During Impulsive damage to Pipelines
(International Engineering Conference (IEC), 2015) O. A. Olugboji; J. Hale; J. Y. Jiya; C. K. Jack
Petroleum pipelines damages if untimely detected, poses a tremendous challenge to the oil sector of an economy as it causes oil spillage, theft or explosion of the petroleum products while on transit. It is against this backlash an inverse pulse propagation method for reconstructing the form of pulse generated during pipeline defects was devised and presented in this paper. Inverse problem occurs in several branches of science and engineering. It involves the determination of the parameters of a model that describes or explains a set of observed data .This work deals with an inversion technique that was developed to reconstruct the form of a pulse after it has been propagated along a pipe. To test the suitability of the developed technique, a mathematical model was developed. The theoretical model was validated by experiment using a developed pipeline system. The experimental test rig comprises of a flexible hose pipe 23m long and 19mm diameter with four pressure sensors distributed along the pipeline and connected to the data acquisition system. Static and flowing air in the pipeline were use in the experimental test to validate the developed inverse technique model. The inverse method showed a close relationship to the original pulse.
Dynamic Road Segmentation of Part of Bosso Local Government Area, Niger State
(American Journal of Geographic Information System 2015, 2015) Oluibukun G. Ajayi, Joseph O. Odumosu, Hassan A. Samaila-Ija, Nanpon Zitta, Ekundayo A. Adesina, Olaniyi J. Olanrewaju
Dynamic road segmentation (DRS) data model finds maximum application in GIS Transportation (GIS-T) studies and analysis, serving as a data model that splits linear features into a new set of segments wherever its attributes change. An attempt has been made by this research to carry out the Dynamic road segmentation of part of the Bosso Local Government Area of Minna using an IKONOS image of 1-m Pan-sharpened spatial resolution and other field survey acquired data. Geometric data was acquired using Handheld GPS receivers while the attribute data was acquired via the social survey approach(administration of questionnaires, direct observations, and on-site interviews). A Geo-database was designed and created within the ArcGIS 10.0 software environment. Analysis and queries were also performed to solve some pertinent issues concerning the route segments and to highlight the closest infrastructural facility in case of emergencies. The result highlighted the present road pavement condition of the considered road segments, adjacent land use, traffic congestion rate, notable crime spots, and accident hotspots. It also suggested that the building up of traffic congestion along the Kpakungun roundabout axis is due to the road width (8m), high traffic volume, and the dilapidating state of the road’s pavement.
Reformulation of Block Implicit Linear Multistep Method into Runge Kutta Type Method for Initial Value Problem
(International Journal of Science and Technology Publications UK, 2015-04) Muhammad R; Y.A Yahaya; A.S. Abdulkareem
In this research work, we reformulated the block hybrid Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF) for 𝑘=4 into Runge Kutta Type Method (RKTM) of the same step number for the solution of Initial value problem in Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE). The method can be use to solve both first and second order (special or general form). It can also be extended to solve higher order ODE. This method differs from conventional BDF as derivation is done only once