Conference Papers

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A 4-Step Order (K + 1) Block Hybrid Backward Differentiation Formulae (BHBDF) for the Solution of General Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations
(2023-12) Muhammad R; Hussaini A
In this paper, the block hybrid backward differentiation formulae (BHBDF) for the step number 𝑘 = 4 was developed using power series as basis function for the solution of general second order ordinary differential equation. The idea of interpolation and collocation of the power series at some selected grid and off- grid points gave rise to continuous schemes which were further evaluated at those points to produce discrete schemes combined together to form block methods. Numerical problems were solved with the proposed methods and were found to perform effectively.
A Comparative Analysis of Grillage Method and Beam line Analysis of a Reinforced Concrete Waffle Brifge Deck
(Nigeria Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NJEAS), 2022-01-23) Adamu, H. N.; Abbas, B. A.; Abubakar, M.; Yusuf, A.; Kolo, D. N.; Shehu, M.
The analysis of reinforced concrete waffle bridge deck using Chanchaga bridge as a case study was carried out with the aid of computer program written in MATLAB. The bridge deck which is a beam bridge was idealized to be a waffle slab. A mathematical model of the bridge was developed using the method of grillages because very complex shapes of problem domain with prescribed conditions can be handled easily using the method. The bridge deck was modelled as interconnection of grid elements. The analysis was carried out using direct stiffness matrix method. The nodal displacements and the resulting static internal forces; shear forces, bending moments and twisting moments of each grid element were determined using the matrix. The results obtained using the method of grillages were then compared with beam line analysis and the former method gave a 10% decrease in forces which will result in the reduction of overall design and materials by 10%.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Networks of Three Nigerian Federal Universities for Effective Library Services
(Ghana Library Journal, Ghana, 2013) Abduldayan, F.J.; Oluwade, B.; Oyedum, G.U.
This paper is a comparative evaluation of the networks of three Nigerian federal universities and how such networks can be used to enhance library services. The university networks included in this study are the Federal University of Technology Minna Network (FUTMINNet), University of Jos Network (UNIJOSNet) and University of Lagos Network (UNILAGNet). University of Minna (FUTMIN), established in the 1980s, belongs to the third generation of Nigerian universities; University of Jos (UNIJOS) (established in the 1970s) belongs to the second generation, while University of Lagos (UNILAG) (which was established in the 1960s) belongs to the first generation. Both FUTMIN and UNIJOS are located in North Central geo-political zone of Nigeria while UNILAG is located in the South West zone. The research design employed was the survey method (involving the use of questionnaire, interview, and direct observation) to study the wired and wireless connectivity of the networks of the three universities and compare them against criteria such as network speed, bandwidth, latency, and user response. Structured and semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the network users of each of the three universities, giving a total of 300 questionnaires for the study. The result of the study shows that UNIJOSNet is the fastest while in terms of the wired service, UNILAGNet is the fastest. FUTMINNet is not performing well compared with the UNIJOSNet and UNILAGNet, or not satisfying its users at a satisfactory level. Wireless services of UNIJOSNet and UNILAGNet, which in turn affects the quality of library services offered to users. Wireless services of FUTMINNet do not adequately meet the expectations of users of library services. The paper recommends that the library network services of UNILAGNet has the best performance, while FUTMINNet needs the most improvement. Finally, universities need to enhance their wireless networks by upgrading and expanding the network components and infrastructures of all the networks, especially FUTMINNet.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SCABBY MOUTH DISEASE INCORPORATING THE QUARANTINE CLASS.
(39th Annual Conference of the Nigerian Mathematical Society, (NMS), 2021-04-23) Abdurrahman, Nurat Olamide; Somma S. A.; Aboyeji Folawe Ibironke; Akinwande Ninuola Ifeoluwa
We propose a mathematical model to study the transmission and control of scabby mouth disease in sheep, incorporating the vaccinated and quarantine classes. The Disease-free equilibrium was obtained, and the reproduction number was also computed. The local stability of DFE was analyzed for stability. Sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number with respect to some parameters of the model was carried out, and the sensitive parameters withR_0 are presented graphically. The local stability of DFE is stable if R_0<1. The sensitivity analysis shows that the contact rateα is the most sensitive parameter to increase the spread of the disease, and vaccination rate ω is the highest sensitive parameter to control the transmission of scabby.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF YELLOW FEVER DISEASE DYNAMICS INCORPORATING SPECIAL SATURATION INTERACTIONS FUNCTIONS
(1st SPS Biennial International Conference Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2017-05-05) Akinwande, N. I.; Abdulrahman, S.; Ashezua, T. T.; Somma, Samuel Abu
We proposed an Mathematical Model of Yellow Fever Disease Dynamics Incorporating Special Saturation Process functions, obtained the equilibrium states of the model equations and analyzed same for stability. Conditions for the elimination of the disease in the population are obtained as constraint inequalities on the parameters using the basic reproduction number 0 R demographic and epidemiological data. . Graphical simulations are presented using some
A MULTIGRID METHOD FOR NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ELLIPTIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(IJSAR Journal of Mathematics and Applied Statistics (IJSAR-JMAS), 2022-12) I. O. Isah; A. Ndanusa; R. Muhammad; K. A. Al-Mustapha
Techniques and analyses of multigrid method for solving elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) in two dimensions are presented. The focal point of this paper is the applicability of the parametric reaccelerated overrelaxation (PROR) iterative method as a smoother in multigrid solution of elliptic PDEs. The two-dimensional Poisson equation on a unit square domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions is adopted as the model PDE. We present some practical formulae and techniques for building the various multigrid components using Kronecker tensor product of matrices. In addition, we carryout smoothing analysis of the PROR method using Local Fourier Analysis (LFA) and show how optimal relaxation parameters and smoothing factors can be obtained from analytic formulae derived to ensure better convergence. This analysis combines full standard coarsening strategy (doubling) and second order finite difference scheme. The result of PROR smoothing factors in comparison with those of other widely used smoothers is also presented. Results obtained from numerical experiment are displayed and compared with theoretical results.
A NOTE ON COMBUSTIBLE FOREST MATERIAL (CFM) OF WILDLAND FIRE SPREAD
(Proceedings of 3rd SPS Biennial International Conference Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2021-10-28) Zhiri, A. B.; Olayiwola, R. O.; Somma Samuel Abu
fire is presented. The equations describing the fractional components of forest fire were carefully studied. The reaction before a forest can burn or before fire can spread must involves fuel, heat and oxygen. The coupled dimensionless equations describing the phenomenon have been decoupled using perturbation method and solved analytically using eigen function expansion technique. The results obtained were graphically discussed and analysed. The study revealed that varying Radiation number and Peclet energy number enhances volume fractions of dry organic substance and moisture while they reduced volume fraction of coke.
A TWO POINT BLOCK HYBRID METHOD FOR SOLVING STIFF INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS
(JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, 2011) Muhammad R
In this paper, a self starting hybrid method of order (3, 3,3) is proposed for the solution of stiff initial value problem of the form y' = f(x.y). The continous formation of the integrator enables us to differentiate and evaluate at grid and off grid points. The schemes compared favourably with exact results and results from Okunuga (2008)
ACCESS TO COMMUNICATION BASED TECHNOLOGY AS A PANACEA FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AMONG FACULTY OFFICERS IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
(Pakistan Librarians Welfare Organization (PLWO), 2022-09-15) Suleiman, Hussaini; Goshie, Rhoda Wusa; Jaafar, Sani; Jimada, Aisha
This article was undertaken to investigate Access to Communication based Technology as a Panacea for Knowledge Management among Faculty Officers in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research questions and objectives. The research methodology was purely quantitative and a descriptive research design was used. The study population includes 108 Faculty Officers in the five Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Schools, Shika Zaria. Yamani's formula was used to determine the target population sample of 91 respondents. A questionnaire was used to collect data. A simple random sampling method was used as the sampling method to collect data from the study area. The tool was subjected to face and content validity. The pilot study was conducted at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria’s main campus, which was outside the key study areas but with similar characteristics, and was also tested for reliability using a split- half test, and obtained a reliability coefficient of 0.81. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Statistical Package for Social Science version 21.0. Among other things, the results of the study showed that the greater part of respondents indicated that email, online relay chats, Internet telephony, instant messaging, web services, and video conferencing were the types of Internet facilities or services required and accessible for Ahmadu Bello University Faculty Officers Shika Zaria Most respondents indicated that some of the factors that discourage the use of Internet facilities by Faculty Officers are lack of Internet access and inappropriate research on Internet skills. It recommended, among other things, that the management of Ahmadu Bello University Hospital, Shika, Zaria, should make more computer systems available to the Faculty Officers in the various schools of the institution to allow them unproblematic access to the Internet facilities.
Access to information and awareness level of public librarians as tools for effective implementation of sustainable development goals in Nigeria
(2023-11-08) Salubuyi, M.A.; Abdullahi, M.S.; Abduldayan F.J.
This is a study on how public access and the awareness level of public librarians can be used as tools for the effective implementation of Sustainable development goals. The study adopted a descriptive research method. Purposive sampling procedure was used to gather information from one hundred and sixty-nine (169) librarians from six public libraries in Nigeria. While smith’s formula for unknown population was used to select three hundred and eighty-four (384) public library users from the six (6) public libraries for the study. The findings revealed that, the awareness level of public librarians does not commensurate with their level of involvement in Sustainable Development Goals related activities which is relatively low in the public libraries. Findings further revealed that adequate public access need to be put in place for the public library users to have easy access to information and materials on developmental programmes emanating from the public libraries.
ACQUISITION OF ONLINE COMPETENCIES OF LIBRARIANS THROUGH THECONTINUOUS STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR IMPROVED JOB PERFORMANCE IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF CONCEPTS AND CHALLENGES
(Library Department University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022-04) Goshie, Rhoda Wusa; Muthee, Daniel; Mutwiri, Caroline
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review the acquisition of online competencies of Librarians through the Continuous Staff Development Programs for Job Performance in AcademicLibraries in Nigeria. Academic libraries have provided, served and executed their obligations of collection development, user education, reference services, and current awareness services traditionally to their users by employing tangible resources to deliver information services. Due to the huge increase of knowledge, the emergence of modern technology and the changes in trends in libraries services, libraries are needed to accomplish more, and the competencies library professionals require continue to change. Libraries throughout the world are grappling with the present issues of technological development, globalization, and digitalization of information. librarians must be familiar with the following competencies in an online environment: e-reserves bibliographic instruction software, management systems, apple and Microsoft systems, instructional design products, a wide range of classroom software applications, serials management software and library integrated systems Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper adopted conceptual approach. It defines the concept of Continuous Staff Development Programs, types of Continuous Staff Development Programs, acquisition of online competencies skills, The use of ICT in the acquisition of online competencies, competencies needed by librarians, challenges of Continuous Staff Development Programs on job performance, conclusion and recommendations. Implication: The paper contends that although the library profession has proliferation of program there still there exists low improvement in the acquisition of online competencies for job performance.Almost all experts now believe that continual learning is necessary for library/information personnel to provide effective service. It is also essential since it will allow librarians to reap the full advantages of these programs and apply their newly gained skills on the job. Librarians must grasp the online competencies in order to execute their duties successfully and efficiently. Originality/ Value: It is therefore imperative that the university librarians function effectively in their services in order to fulfill the demands of the clientele. CPD is a lifetime learning process that allows one to broaden one's profession and competency helps to satisfy the current and future of patrons needs which offers better service outcomes and priorities. It ensures that a person has necessary levels of knowledge and competencies that helps in increasing professional area of practice
AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION SERVICES PROVISION BY LIBRARY STAFF OF COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE LIBRARIES IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
(Publication of the Depaprtment of Library and Information Science, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 2020-04-04) Adamu, Mohammed Saba (CLN, MNLA, CTN), Kasim, Muhammad Bala (CLN), Adamu, Mahmud (CLN)and Abubakar, Fati (CLN)
This study investigated the agricultural information services provision by library staff of college of agriculture libraries in Niger State, Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study was descriptive survey research design. The population covers the staff of the libraries. The instruments used for data collection were checklist containing items on availability of agricultural information services and questionnaire containing items on methods of providing of agricultural information services and strategies to enhance provision of agricultural information services and strategies for enhancing the provision of agricultural information services. Data collected were analysed using frequency counts and percentages. Findings showed that outreach services, bibliographic services, user education, reprographic services, current awareness services (CAS), etc were not provided; ICTs based information provision models such as Web portal, Voice-Based service, Text (SMS) Based service, Self-support online community service, Interactive video conferencing service etc were not in use in the College of Agriculture Libraries in Niger State. The study recommended provision of outreach services, bibliographic services, user education, reprographic services, current awareness services (CAS), etc and make use of latest technologies such as ICTs based information provision models, Smart Phones, CD-ROM, Radio, Television, Computer show case etc to provide agricultural information services to their clienteles
An Appraisal on the Application of Reproduction Number for the Stability Analysis of Disease - Free Equilibrium State for S-I-R Type Models
(Proceedings of International Conference on Mathematical Modelling Optimization and Analysis of Disease Dynamics (ICMMOADD) 2024, 2024-02-28) Abdurrahman, Nurat Olamide; Somma S. A.; Akinwande, N. I.; Ashezua, T. T.; Gweryina, R.
One of the key ideas in mathematical biology is the basic reproduction number, which can be utilized to comprehend how a disease epidemic profile might evolve in the future. The basic reproduction number, represented by R0 , is the anticipated number of secondary cases that a typical infectious individual would cause in a population that is fully susceptible. This threshold parameter is highly valuable in characterizing mathematical problems related to infectious diseases. If R0 < 1, this suggests that, on average, during the infectious period, an infected individual produces less than one new infected individual, suggesting that the infection may eventually be eradicated from the population. On the other hand, if R0 < 1, every infected person develops an average of multiple new infections, it suggests that the disease may continue to spread throughout the population. We discuss the Reproduction number in this work and provide some examples, both for straightforward and complicated situations.
AN EVALUATION OF GEOMETRIC DATA ACQUISITION USING LANDSAT IMAGERY
(CASLE – Abuja 2016 Conference Papers., 2016) Oluibukun .G. Ajayi, Yusuf .D. Opaluwa, Quadri .A. Adejare, Joseph. O. Odumosu, Nanpon Zitta and Ekundayo .A. Adesina
The implementation of appropriate digital image processing method is crucial for deriving urban land cover maps of acceptable accuracy and cost. This study examines the effect of acquiring images in various spectral regions (bands), the impact of some image processing techniques on the combination of the different bands and the acceptable mode in which the features of the image could be classified using unsupervised classification (clustering) and supervised classification based on four different hard classifiers. Four different filter types were experimented on the colour composite images before classifying the images into different distinct land spectral classes. The Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS) software was used to classify LandSAT 7 image of 2001, part 189r053, zone 32, bands 1 (Blue), 2 (Green), 3 (Red), 4 (Near infrared), 5 and 7 (Middle infrared) wavelength. From the study, it was observed that AVG 3x3 filter type is the most preferred. Colour composite of bands 5, 4, 3 in the RGB planes gave the best representation of the features of the image and that Box classifier, Minimum Distance to Mean Classifier and Maximum Likelihood classifier are excellent classifiers for image supervised classification
An Implicit Runge-Kutta Type Method for the Solution of Initial Value Problems
(KASU JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, 2020-06) R. Muhammad; Y. A. Yahaya; A. S. Abdulkareem
In this research paper, an implicit block hybrid Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF) for 𝑘=2 is reformulated into a Runge-Kutta Type Method (RKTM) of the same step number. The method can be used to solve both first and second order (special or general form) initial value problem in Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE). This method differs from conventional BDF as derivation is done only once. It can also be extended to solve higher order ODE.
An Investigation of Partial Shading Effects on Solar Photovoltaic Module Performance Using Infrared Thermography
(4th International Engineering Conference (IEC 2022) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2023-03-21) Jaji, .U. F.; Bori Ige
Partial shading is detrimental to the performance of a solar PV module. This is because it not only reduces the current and voltage of the module which leads to power loss in the module but may also lead to the formation of hotspots. This work presents an investigation carried out on the cross-comparison of two different PV modules subjected to the same ambient conditions in a tropical hot climatic region, to observe the effects of partial shading on them and if hotspots are formed, determine if they are heightened by the climatic condition of the environment. Different shading patterns and shading due to partial obstruction of direct radiation were considered. Shading was achieved using opaque shading sheets. The results of the experiment showed that the efficiency or performance of these modules is dependent on the type and direction of shading. This implies that as the percentage of shading increases, there is a decrease in power output and ultimately its efficiency. Also, thermal images obtained showed that asides temperature difference between the modules, hotspots formed on the test modules were not magnified by climatic conditions. The Infrared image indicated the likelihood of an internal defect in the control module. Considering the emergence of new solar technologies to improve its efficiency, it’s recommended that a similar investigation under real outdoor conditions be carried out on Perovskite solar cells. Results of the outcome of the findings should be compared to those of the silicon crystalline modules, to determine which solar technologies perform better.
An Investigation On Ventilation and Air Conditioning (VAC) Installation, Design and Performances of Selected Buildings in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
(2nd International Engineering Conference (IEC 2017) Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, 2017-10-17) Yusuf, .A. W.; Bori Ige; Nasir, .A.
time. Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) play an important role in providing a comfortable condition for occupants in a building. This work concerns air conditioning designs, installations, and performances of some event centres namely: Banquet Hall, Atlantic Event Centre and Nimatoni Event Centre and some offices within the Kwara State Ministry of Water Resources. The impact of the effect of improper design and ventilation on energy efficiency and consumption were also considered. The event centres and offices were studied, by taking both the temperature and relative humidity values for over a period ranging from 75 minutes to 130 minutes, with the use of a device referred to as HOBOware temperature/relative humidity data logger coupled with a HOBOware Software interface installed on a personal computer, for post processing of acquired data. The obtained results of the event centres showed variations in the capacities of the installed air-condition understudied. Also from the results obtained, the cubic meter per minute (cmm) values were found to be 0.0896, 0.2908 and 0.0404 for Banquet hall, Atlantic Event Centre and Nimatoni Event Centre respectively, and these were below the standard recommended value of 0.4245 in the literature.
AN OPTIMIZED SINGLE-STEP BLOCK HYBRID NYSTRÖM-TYPE METHOD FOR SOLVING SECOND ORDER INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS OF BRATU-TYPE
(African Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies, 2023-12-12) Joel Olusegun Ajinuhi; Umaru Mohammed; Abdullahi Idris Enagi; Onanmayi Razaq Jimoh
In this paper, a global single-step implicit block hybrid Nyström-type method (BHNTM) for solving nonlinear second-order initial-boundary value problems of Bratu-type is developed. The mathematical derivation of the proposed BHNTM is based on the interpolation and multistep collocation techniques with power series polynomials as the trial function. Unlike previous approaches, BHNTM is applied without linearization or restrictive assumptions. The basic properties of the proposed method, such as zero stability, consistency and convergence are analysed. The numerical results from three test problems demonstrate its superiority over existing methods which emphasize the effectiveness and reliability in numerical simulations. Furthermore, as the step size decreases as seen in the test problems, the error drastically reduces, indicating BHNTM's precision. These findings underscore BHNTM's significance in numerical methods for solving differential equations, offering a more precise and dependable approach for addressing complex problems.
Analysing the Influence of Offsite Construction Logistics on the Performance of Construction Projects
(Journal of Construction Engineering, Management & Innovation, 2025-04-07) Olubajo, Oluseun Olukemi; Olubajo, Oladoyin Rachel
Coordinating the logistics of workers, equipment and materials from varying locations can be challenging. This is a concern for project managers because disruptions in construction work leads to losses in production and business. Research into offsite logistics in construction tends to focus on factors that can optimise the performance of construction logistics. Another theme in the literature focuses on the application of digital technologies in construction logistics. However, investigations that examine the dynamics associated with offsite construction logistics and their implications on the performance of construction projects is limited. This study analyses the influence of offsite construction logistics on project performance. This study adopted a survey approach with a structured questionnaire that was administered to 200 construction practitioners and obtained data from 176 respondents on key aspects of offsite construction logistics indicating an 88% response rate with a reliability of 0.911. The results of this study revealed that integrating construction equipment and digital technologies in offsite operations has a positive and significant influence on the time performance of construction projects. The findings of this study are of value to construction professionals struggling to manage disruptions or delays and seeking to improve the way they manage offsite logistics involving multiple parties. The study contributes to the literature on construction logistics by extending our understanding on key aspects of offsite logistics that significantly impact on the performance of construction projects. This study argues that offsite construction logistics can be managed to overcome disruptions or delays by integrating the use of digital technologies in monitoring work flow and construction equipment in concrete works amongst others.
Analysis of Solar Energy Potentials in Katsina and Sokoto States, Nigeria
(Nigerian Institution of Mechanical Engineers (NiMeCHE), 2020-10-20) Irekeola, .B. J.; Bori Ige; Adedipe, .O.; Babawuya, .A.
For many years, Nigeria has been facing energy crisis that is hampering her economic development. Energy is one of the key fundamentals for economic development and it is also fundamental to all human activities in this era. In this study, renewable energy potentials in Sokoto and Katsina states were analyzed respectively. Data covering a period of ten years (2007 - 2017) were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Abuja, for monthly average daily solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures for the two states under investigations. The data were subjected to statistical analysis such as normality test, to examine whether the data is normally distributed using standardized coefficient of skewness, and kurtosis using a 250 Watts by 1.68m square solar panel; the results show that the solar radiations are negatively skewed by a value of -0.6 and -0.43, which makes the two states more reliable during the dry season of the year. The two states have a kurtosis of -1.17 and -1.38 indicating that the bell shape is slightly flatten than normal distribution shape. A linear regression model was also developed to predict the trends in solar radiation for the study area. The results show that Katsina state has a higher reliability (0.86) for solar energy potentials than Sokoto state (0.72).